快速参考

在此页面上，您可以查看使用 Rust 驱动程序执行多个常见 MongoDB 任务的示例。下表的每一行都描述了该任务，显示了执行该任务的驱动程序语法，并包含指向相关参考和 API 文档的链接。

Rust 驱动程序提供用于执行异步应用程序的异步运行时。此外，该驱动程序支持阻塞同步运行时。对于下表中列出的每个 MongoDB 任务，您可以查看使用异步和同步 API 的示例。

提示

如需了解异步和同步运行时相关详情，请参阅《异步和同步 API 指南》。

命令

语法

查找文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let result = collection.find_one(
    doc! { "title": "Peter Pan" },
    None
).await?;

同步运行时

let result = collection.find_one(
    doc! { "title": "Peter Pan" },
    None
)?;

查找多个文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { "year": 1925 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, None).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { "year": 1925 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, None)?;

插入文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let doc = doc! { 
    "title": "Mistress America", "type": "movie" 
};
let result = collection.insert_one(doc, None).await?;

同步运行时

let doc = doc! { 
    "title": "Mistress America", "type": "movie" 
};
let result = collection.insert_one(doc, None)?;

插入多个文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let docs = vec![
    doc! { "title": "Friends With Money", "runtime": 88 },
    doc! { "title": "Please Give", "runtime": 90 },
    doc! { "title": "You Hurt My Feelings", "runtime": 93 },
];
let result = collection.insert_many(docs, None).await?;

同步运行时

let docs = vec![
    doc! { "title": "Friends With Money", "runtime": 88 },
    doc! { "title": "Please Give", "runtime": 90 },
    doc! { "title": "You Hurt My Feelings", "runtime": 93 },
];
let result = collection.insert_many(docs, None)?;

更新文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "Burn After Reading"};
let update =
    doc! {
        "$set": doc!{ "num_mflix_comments": 1 }
};
let result = collection.update_one(
      filter, update, None
).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "Burn After Reading"};
let update =
    doc! {
        "$set": doc!{ "num_mflix_comments": 1 }
};
let result = collection.update_one(
      filter, update, None
)?;

更新多个文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { "rated": "PASSED"};
let update =
    doc! {
        "$set": doc!{ "rated": "Not Rated" }
};
let result = collection.update_many(
      filter, update, None
).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { "rated": "PASSED"};
let update =
    doc! {
        "$set": doc!{ "rated": "Not Rated" }
};
let result = collection.update_many(
      filter, update, None
)?;

替换文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "è Nous la Libertè" };
let replacement =
    doc! {
    "title": "À nous la liberté",
    "type": "movie",
    "directors": vec! [ "René Clair" ]
};
let result = collection.replace_one(
      filter, replacement, None
).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "è Nous la Libertè" };
let replacement =
    doc! {
    "title": "À nous la liberté",
    "type": "movie",
    "directors": vec! [ "René Clair" ]
};
let result = collection.replace_one(
      filter, replacement, None
)?;

删除文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "Search and Destroy" };
let result = collection.delete_one(filter, None).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { "title": "Search and Destroy" };
let result = collection.delete_one(filter, None)?;

删除多个文档

API 文档
基础知识指南
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! { 
    "year": doc! { "$lt": 1920 } 
};
let result = collection.delete_many(filter, None).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! { 
    "year": doc! { "$lt": 1920 } 
};
let result = collection.delete_many(filter, None)?;

从游标迭代访问数据

API 文档
基础知识指南

异步运行时

let mut cursor = collection.find(
    doc! { "$and": vec!
        [
            doc! { "metacritic": doc! { "$gt": 90 } },
            doc! { "directors": vec! [ "Martin Scorsese" ] }
        ] },
    None
).await?;
while let Some(result) = cursor.try_next().await? {
    println!("{}", result);
};

同步运行时

let cursor = collection.find(
    doc! { "$and": vec!
        [
            doc! { "metacritic": doc! { "$gt": 90 } },
            doc! { "directors": vec! [ "Martin Scorsese" ] }
        ] },
    None
)?;
for result in cursor {
  println!("{}", result?);
}

以数组形式访问游标中的数据

API 文档
基础知识指南

异步运行时

let cursor = collection.find(
    doc! { "title": "Secrets & Lies" }, None
).await?;
let results: Vec<Document> = cursor.try_collect().await?;

同步运行时

let cursor = collection.find(
    doc! { "title": "Secrets & Lies" }, None
)?;
let results: Vec<Result<Document>> = cursor.collect();

计算文档

API 文档
使用示例

异步运行时

let filter = doc! {
    "languages": vec! [ "Mandarin" ]
};
let result = collection.count_documents(filter, None).await?;

同步运行时

let filter = doc! {
    "languages": vec! [ "Mandarin" ]
};
let result = collection.count_documents(filter, None)?;

列出字段的不同值

API 文档
使用示例

异步运行时

let field_name = "title";
let filter = doc! {
    "directors": vec! [ "Sean Baker" ]
};
let results = collection.distinct(
      field_name, filter, None
).await?;

同步运行时

let field_name = "title";
let filter = doc! {
    "directors": vec! [ "Sean Baker" ]
};
let results = collection.distinct(
      field_name, filter, None
)?;

限制检索的文档数量

API 文档

异步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .limit(5)
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "awards.wins": 25};
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts).await?;

同步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .limit(5)
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "awards.wins": 25};
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts)?;

跳过检索到的文档

API 文档

异步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .skip(1)
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "runtime": 100 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts).await?;

同步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .skip(1)
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "runtime": 100 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts)?;

检索文档时对文档进行排序

API 文档

异步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .sort(doc! { "imdb.rating": 1 })
    .build();
let filter = doc! {
    "directors": vec! [ "Nicole Holofcener" ]
};
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts).await?;

同步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .sort(doc! { "imdb.rating": 1 })
    .build();
let filter = doc! {
    "directors": vec! [ "Nicole Holofcener" ]
};
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts)?;

检索项目文档字段时

API 文档

异步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .projection(doc! { "title": 1, "metacritic": 1, "_id": 0 })
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "year": 2015 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts).await?;

同步运行时

let opts: FindOptions = FindOptions::builder()
    .projection(doc! { "title": 1, "metacritic": 1, "_id": 0 })
    .build();
let filter = doc! { "year": 2015 };
let mut cursor = collection.find(filter, opts)?;

创建索引

API 文档

异步运行时

let index: IndexModel = IndexModel::builder()
    .keys(doc! { "title": 1 })
    .build();
let result = collection.create_index(index, None).await?;

同步运行时

let index: IndexModel = IndexModel::builder()
    .keys(doc! { "title": 1 })
    .build();
let result = collection.create_index(index, None)?;

← 后续步骤

新增功能 →

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提示

快速参考