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Manage S3 Snapshot Storage

On this page

  • Considerations
  • Requires a Dedicated Bucket
  • Can't Move the S3 Snapshot Store
  • Supports the Storage API
  • Prerequisites
  • Metadata Storage Prerequisites
  • AWS S3 Storage Prerequisites
  • IBM Cloud Object Storage Prerequisites
  • Dell EMC Elastic Cloud Storage Prerequisites
  • Other S3-Compatible Storage
  • Procedures
  • Add One S3 Snapshot Store
  • Edit One Existing S3 Snapshot Store
  • Delete One S3 Snapshot Store

Ops Manager can back up MongoDB databases as snapshots to one or more of the following storage options:

This tutorial covers backing up your MongoDB databases as snapshots stored in S3-compatible storage and S3-compatible storage-compatible buckets. Ops Manager stores the metadata for S3 snapshot stores in a MongoDB database.

Note

You might have issues that require you to use more than one snapshot store. These issues could include needing more capacity, localizing data, or meeting privacy regulations.

To learn how to assign snapshot stores to different data centers, see Assign Snapshot Stores to Specific Data Centers.

Ops Manager must be the only manager on the S3-compatible storage bucket that you use for snapshots. You also need to configure the S3-compatible storage bucket to avoid using features that Ops Manager does not support.

When configuring the S3-compatible storage bucket:

  • Do not create subfolders in the S3-compatible storage buckets that you use with Ops Manager. Ops Manager only supports using entire S3-compatible storage buckets.

  • Disable AWS S3-compatible storage bucket versioning. Versioning is not supported in Ops Manager for the S3-compatible storage buckets used for snapshots.

  • Do not create AWS S3-compatible storage lifecycle rules. Lifecycle rules that expire or transition current versions of Ops Manager snapshot objects to archives results in incomplete snapshots that you can't use to restore the configuration.

After you create an S3-compatible snapshot store, you cannot move it to another S3-compatible storage bucket. If you need to use a different S3-compatible storage bucket to host your S3-compatible snapshot store, you must create a new S3-compatible snapshot store in that S3-compatible storage bucket.

MongoDB supports endpoints for:

  • AWS S3-compatible storage API

  • IBM Cloud Object Storage API

  • Dell EMC Elastic Cloud Storage API

IBM and Dell EMC support a subset of the full AWS S3-compatible storage API.

You can use other S3-compatible storage-compatible endpoints. Ops Manager attempts to validate these endpoints when you save the S3-compatible snapshot store setup. If validation passes, Ops Manager saves the configuration. If validation fails, Ops Manager displays an error and doesn't save the configuration.

  1. Verify that you have an IAM user on AWS.

  2. Create your own AWS access keys for your IAM user. This allows you to create S3-compatible storage buckets and store snapshot files in them. MongoDB does not create or issue AWS access keys.

  3. Create your own S3 bucket to store your S3 snapshot store snapshots.

    Note

    The IAM user that you created the AWS access keys for must have at least the following read and write permissions for the AWS S3-compatible storage Bucket:

    • s3:PutObject

    • s3:GetObject

    • s3:DeleteObject

  4. (Optional) If you serve your Ops Manager instance on AWS EC2, create an IAM Role to handle authorization.

    This role needs:

    • AWS service as the trusted entity.

    • EC2 as the use case.

    • Permissions to read and write access to your S3-compatible storage bucket.

    To learn more, see:

  1. Create an Access Key and Secret Key using IBM credential tools.

  2. Create your own S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.

  1. Create an Access Key and Secret Key from your ECS User ID.

  2. Create your own S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.

Other S3-compatible storage-compatible endpoints can be used. Ops Manager attempts to validate these endpoints when you save the configuration. If validation passes, the configuration, Ops Manager saves it. If validation fails, Ops Manager displays an error and doesn't save the configuration.

The format of the Username and Password depend upon the authentication mechanism. Select one of the following tabs:

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  1. Click the Admin link.

  2. Click the Backup tab.

  3. (Optional) If you have not previously set the head directory, set it in the Head Directory box.

  4. Click the Snapshot Storage page.

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Field
Necessity
Contents
Name
Required
Type the label for the S3-compatible snapshot store.
S3 Bucket Name
Required
Type the name of the S3-compatible storage bucket where you want to host the the S3-compatible snapshot store.
Region Override
Conditional

Type the region where your S3-compatible storage bucket resides.

Use this field only if your S3-compatible storage-compatible store's S3 Endpoint doesn't support region scoping. Don't provide a value for this field with AWS S3-compatible storage buckets.

S3 Endpoint
Required

Type the URL for this AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.

What URL you write depends upon:

  1. Your S3 Bucket Name and

  2. If you checked Path Style Access.

Example

You created an S3-compatible storage bucket called mybucket on AWS in the US East region.

Path Style Access
Checked
Not Checked
S3 Endpoint
s3.us-east-2. amazonaws.com
mybucket.s3.us- east-2.amazonaws.com
Requests to Bucket
https://s3.us -east-2.amazonaws .com/mybucket
https://mybucket. s3.us-east-2. amazonaws.com
S3 Max Connections
Required
Type a positive integer indicating the maximum number of connections to this AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.
Path Style Access
Optional

Select if you want your AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket to use a path-style URL endpoint (s3.amazonaws.com/<bucket>) instead of a virtual-host-style URL endpoint (<bucket>.s3.amazonaws.com).

To review the S3-compatible storage bucket URL conventions, see the AWS S3 documentation

Server Side Encryption
Optional
Select to enable server-side encryption. Clear to disable server-side encryption.
S3 Authorization Mode
Required

Select the method used to authorize access to the S3-compatible storage bucket specified in S3 Bucket Name.

If you select Keys, Ops Manager uses AWS Access Key and AWS Secret Key to authorize access to your S3-compatible storage bucket.

If you select IAM Role, Ops Manager uses an AWS IAM role to authorize access to your S3-compatible storage bucket. AWS Access Key and AWS Secret Key fields are ignored.

Keys with Custom CA Bundle
Conditional

Click Choose file to add a custom Certificate Authority chain. This chain can validate against a self-signed certificate on the S3-compatible storage bucket.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

AWS Access Key
Conditional

Type your AWS Access Key ID.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

AWS Secret Key
Conditional

Type your AWS Secret Access Key.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

Datastore Type
Required
Select Standalone, Replica Set or Sharded Cluster. This MongoDB database stores the metadata for the blockstore.
MongoDB Host List
Conditional

Type a comma-separated list of mongod instances (for a Replica Set) or mongos instances (for a Sharded Cluster) in the <hostname:port> format that comprise the blockstore metadata database.

Example

h1.ex.com:27017,h2.ex.com:27017,h2.ex.com:27018

Ops Manager displays this field when you set Datastore Type to Replica Set or Sharded Cluster.

MongoDB Hostname
Conditional

Type the hostname of the S3-compatible snapshot store metadata database.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set Datastore Type to Standalone.

MongoDB Port
Conditional

Type the port number of the S3-compatible snapshot store metadata database.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set Datastore Type to Standalone.

Username
Optional

If you set this value:

Password
Optional

If you set this value:

Warning

If you did not use the credentialstool to encrypt this password, it is stored as plaintext in the database.

Connection Options
Optional

Type any additional configuration file options for the MongoDB instance.

This field supports unescaped values only.

For proper syntax, see Connection String URI Format in the MongoDB manual.

Encrypted Credentials
Optional
Select if the credentials for the database were encrypted using the credentialstool. The credentials include the Username, Password, AWS Access Key ID and AWS Secret Key.
Use TLS/SSL
Optional

Select if the S3-compatible snapshot store metadata database only accepts connection encrypted using TLS.

Beyond this checkbox, to connect this S3-compatible snapshot store using TLS, you must enable TLS on the S3 blockstore database.

New Assignment Enabled
Optional
Select if you want to enable this S3-compatible snapshot store after creating it. This is selected by default so the S3-compatible storage blockstore can be assigned backup jobs. If you clear this checkbox, the S3-compatible snapshot store is created but you cannot assign backups to this S3-compatible snapshot store.
Disable Proxy Settings
Optional
Select if you want to disable proxying to this S3-compatible snapshot store after creating it. AWS S3-compatible storage respects the HTTP_PROXY and the HTTPS_PROXY environment variables. If you set either of these environment variables, S3-compatible storage still enables the proxy.
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Ops Manager lists S3-compatible snapshot stores in a table on the Snapshot Storage page. Each row contains the settings for one S3-compatible snapshot store.

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  1. Click the Admin link.

  2. Click the Backup tab.

  3. (Optional) If you have not previously set the head directory, set it in the Head Directory box.

  4. Click the Snapshot Storage page.

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In the MongoDB Connection column, update any values that need to be changed in the following fields:

Field
Necessity
Contents
S3 Bucket Name
Required
Type the name of the S3-compatible storage bucket where you want to host the the S3-compatible snapshot store.
Region Override
Conditional

Type the region where your S3-compatible storage bucket resides.

Use this field only if your S3-compatible storage-compatible store's S3 Endpoint doesn't support region scoping. Don't provide a value for this field with AWS S3-compatible storage buckets.

S3 Endpoint
Required

Type the URL for this AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.

What URL you write depends upon:

  1. Your S3 Bucket Name and

  2. If you checked Path Style Access.

Example

You created an S3-compatible storage bucket called mybucket on AWS in the US East region.

Path Style Access
Checked
Not Checked
S3 Endpoint
s3.us-east-2. amazonaws.com
mybucket.s3.us- east-2.amazonaws.com
Requests to Bucket
https://s3.us -east-2.amazonaws .com/mybucket
https://mybucket. s3.us-east-2. amazonaws.com
S3 Max Connections
Required
Type a positive integer indicating the maximum number of connections to this AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket.
Path Style Access
Optional

Click if you want your AWS S3-compatible storage or S3-compatible storage-compatible bucket to use a path-style URL endpoint (s3.amazonaws.com/<bucket>) instead of a virtual-host-style URL endpoint (<bucket>.s3.amazonaws.com).

To review the S3-compatible storage bucket URL conventions, see the AWS S3 documentation

Server Side Encryption
Optional
Click to enable server-side encryption. Clear to disable server-side encryption.
S3 Authorization Mode
Required

Select the method used to authorize access to the S3-compatible storage bucket specified in S3 Bucket Name.

Keys
Ops Manager uses AWS Access Key and AWS Secret Key to authorize access to your S3-compatible storage bucket.
IAM Role
Ops Manager uses an AWS IAM role to authorize access to your S3-compatible storage bucket. AWS Access Key and AWS Secret Key fields are ignored.
Keys with Custom CA Bundle
Conditional

Click Choose file to add a custom Certificate Authority chain. This chain can validate against a self-signed certificate on the S3-compatible storage bucket.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

AWS Access Key
Conditional

Type your AWS Access Key ID.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

AWS Secret Key
Conditional

Type your AWS Secret Access Key.

Ops Manager displays this field when you set S3 Authorization Mode to Keys.

Note

Ops Manager doesn't display the existing Secret Access Key.

<hostname>:<port>
Required

Type in one or more hosts that comprise the S3-compatible storage Snapshot Store metadata database in the <hostname:port> format.

Important

If these hosts are changed, the blockstore they host must have the same data as the original blockstore. Changing the host to a new blockstore results in data loss.

  • If the S3-compatible snapshot store metadata database is a Replica Set or Sharded Cluster, type a comma-separated list of mongod instances (for a Replica Set) or mongos instances (for a Sharded Cluster).

    Example

    host1.example.com:27017,host2.example.com: 27017,host2.example.com:27018

  • If the S3-compatible snapshot store metadata database is a standalone MongoDB instance, type the hostname:port of the instance.

MongoDB Auth Username
Optional

If you set this value:

MongoDB Auth Password
Optional

If you set this value:

Warning

If you did not use the credentialstool to encrypt this password, it is stored as plaintext in the database.

Note

Ops Manager doesn't display the existing MongoDB Auth Password.

Encrypted Credentials
Optional
Select if the credentials for the database were encrypted using the credentialstool. The credentials include the Username, Password, AWS Access Key ID and AWS Secret Key.
Use TLS/SSL
Optional

Select if the blockstore database only accepts connection encrypted using TLS.

Beyond this checkbox, to connect this S3-compatible snapshot store using TLS, you must enable TLS on the S3 blockstore database.

Connection Options
Optional

Type any additional configuration file options for the MongoDB instance. This field supports unescaped values only.

For proper syntax, see Connection String URI Format in the MongoDB manual.

Assignment Labels
Optional
Type a comma-separated list of labels to assign the S3 blockstores to specific projects.
Load Factor
Optional

Type any positive integer that expresses how much backup work you want this snapshot store to perform compared to another snapshot store.

Important

If you have only one snapshot store, skip this setting.

Backup work includes running backups, restoring snapshots or grooming blockstores. The term of backup work ratio assigned to a single snapshot store is called its Load Factor.

By default, Ops Manager assigns each snapshot store a Load Factor of 1. This means each snapshot store would perform the same amount of backup work.

As a snapshot store's Load Factor increases, it performs more backup work compared to another snapshot store. If the Load Factor of snapshot store A is set to 2 and the Load Factor of snapshot store B is set to 1, A performs two times the backup work of B.

Example

How to estimate Load Factor

Consider a five-shard sharded cluster with the following backup storage configuration:

  • File system store (F) manages the backup work for one shard in the cluster. F is running on a single two-core physical server.

  • Blockstore (B) manages the backup work for four shards in the cluster. B is running as a four-node sharded cluster on four physical servers with two cores on each server.

In this example, B has four times the capability of F. B should receive the greater part of the ratio of backup work: 4:1. For every one backup task F performs, B performs 4.

Set the Load Factors of B to 4 and F to 1.

Snapshot stores with greater compute or storage performance should be given a greater Load Factor:

  • A file system store with 16-cores and 128 GB of RAM can back up more databases in less time than a file system store with only 2 cores and 8 GB of RAM.

  • A blockstore backed by a 10-node sharded cluster can back up more databases and groom more databases than a blockstore backed by a single replica set.

Load Factor can be set to 0. When one snapshot store's Load Factor is set to 0, it performs no backup work at all. If a snapshot store's Load Factor is changed while backup work is in progress, all jobs or tasks running on that snapshot store are allowed to finish. All future backup work then is re- distributed among the remaining snapshot stores with a Load Factor of 1 or greater and have Assignment Enabled selected.

Write Concern
Required

Select your preferred Write Concern:

Default
Deployment Type
Default Write Concern
Standalone
Journaled
Replica sets or sharded clusters
W2
Journaled
A primary or standalone MongoDB instance acknowledged the write and wrote that write to their on-disk journals.
Acknowledged
A primary or standalone acknowledged the write.
W2
More than one of the cluster members acknowledged the write.
Majority
A majority of the replica set members acknowledged the write.
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Select if you want to enable this S3-compatible snapshot store after creating it. This is selected by default so the S3-compatible snapshot store can be assigned backup jobs. If you clear this checkbox, the S3-compatible storage Snapshot Store is created but you cannot assign backups to this S3-compatible storage Snapshot Store.

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If you change any connection string values or the Write Concern, restart all the Ops Manager instances including those running Backup Daemons.

Warning

Modifying the connection string values or the Write Concern for an existing blockstore requires all Ops Manager components, including those only running the Backup Daemon, to be restarted to apply those changes. Connection parameters include:

  • <hostname>:<port>

  • MongoDB Auth Username

  • MongoDB Auth Password

  • Encrypted Credentials

  • Use TLS/SSL

  • Connection Options

  • Write Concern

If you change to another blockstore host, the data on the existing blockstore is not copied automatically to the other blockstore.

Tip

See also:

For more details on the MongoDB connection string URI, see Connection String URI Format in the MongoDB Manual.

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  1. Click the Admin link.

  2. Click the Backup tab.

  3. (Optional) If you have not previously set the head directory, set it in the Head Directory box.

  4. Click the Snapshot Storage page.

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