$max ( operador acumulador )

Tipo de resultado

$max compara dados de entrada seguindo a ordem de Comparação BSON para determinar o tipo de saída apropriado. Quando os dados de entrada contêm vários tipos de dados, o tipo de saída $max é o mais alto na ordem de comparação.

Valores nulos ou ausentes

If some, but not all, documents for the $max operation have either a null value for the field or are missing the field, the $max operator only considers the non-null and the non-missing values for the field.

If all documents for the $max operation have null value for the field or are missing the field, the $max operator returns null for the maximum value.

Operando de array

In the $group and $setWindowFields stages, if the expression resolves to an array, $max does not traverse the array and compares the array as a whole.

Nos outros estágios suportados:

• With a single expression as its operand, if the expression resolves to an array, $max traverses into the array to operate on the numeric elements of the array to return a single value.

• With a list of expressions as its operand, if any of the expressions resolves to an array, $max does not traverse into the array but instead treats the array as a non-numeric value.

Valores iguais

Se vários valores forem comparados como iguais, $max poderá retornar qualquer um desses valores. Não há garantias de qual valor igual $max retorna.

Por exemplo, em um agrupamento que não diferencia maiúsculas de minúsculas, "a" e "A" podem ser comparados como iguais. Não há garantias de qual será retornado.

Usar no estágio $group

Considere uma collection sales com os seguintes documentos:

db.sales.insertMany ( [
   { _id : 1, "item" : "abc", "price" : 10, "quantity" : 2, "date" : ISODate("2014-01-01T08:00:00Z") },
   { _id : 2, "item" : "jkl", "price" : 20, "quantity" : 1, "date" : ISODate("2014-02-03T09:00:00Z") },
   { _id : 3, "item" : "xyz", "price" : 5, "quantity" : 5, "date" : ISODate("2014-02-03T09:05:00Z") },
   { _id : 4, "item" : "abc", "price" : 10, "quantity" : 10, "date" : ISODate("2014-02-15T08:00:00Z") },
   { _id : 5, "item" : "xyz", "price" : 5, "quantity" : 10, "date" : ISODate("2014-02-15T09:05:00Z") }
] )

Grouping the documents by the item field, the following operation uses the $max accumulator to compute the maximum total amount and maximum quantity for each group of documents.

db.sales.aggregate(
   [
     {
       $group:
         {
           _id: "$item",
           maxTotalAmount: { $max: { $multiply: [ "$price", "$quantity" ] } },
           maxQuantity: { $max: "$quantity" }
         }
     }
   ]
)

A operação retorna os seguintes resultados:

{ "_id" : "xyz", "maxTotalAmount" : 50, "maxQuantity" : 10 }
{ "_id" : "jkl", "maxTotalAmount" : 20, "maxQuantity" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "abc", "maxTotalAmount" : 100, "maxQuantity" : 10 }

Usar no estágio $project

Uma coleção students contém os seguintes documentos:

db.students.insertMany( [
   { _id: 1, "quizzes": [ 10, 6, 7 ], "labs": [ 5, 8 ], "final": 80, "midterm": 75 },
   { _id: 2, "quizzes": [ 9, 10 ], "labs": [ 8, 8 ], "final": 95, "midterm": 80 },
   { _id: 3, "quizzes": [ 4, 5, 5 ], "labs": [ 6, 5 ], "final": 78, "midterm": 70 }
] )

The following example uses the $max in the $project stage to calculate the maximum quiz scores, the maximum lab scores, and the maximum of the final and the midterm:

db.students.aggregate([
   { $project: { quizMax: { $max: "$quizzes"}, labMax: { $max: "$labs" }, examMax: { $max: [ "$final", "$midterm" ] } } }
])

A operação resulta nos seguintes documentos:

{ "_id" : 1, "quizMax" : 10, "labMax" : 8, "examMax" : 80 }
{ "_id" : 2, "quizMax" : 10, "labMax" : 8, "examMax" : 95 }
{ "_id" : 3, "quizMax" : 5, "labMax" : 6, "examMax" : 78 }

Usar no estágio $setWindowFields

Crie uma collection cakeSales que contenha vendas de bolo nos estados da Califórnia (CA) e de Washington (WA):

db.cakeSales.insertMany( [
   { _id: 0, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"),
     state: "CA", price: 13, quantity: 120 },
   { _id: 1, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"),
     state: "WA", price: 14, quantity: 140 },
   { _id: 2, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"),
     state: "CA", price: 12, quantity: 145 },
   { _id: 3, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"),
     state: "WA", price: 13, quantity: 104 },
   { _id: 4, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"),
     state: "CA", price: 41, quantity: 162 },
   { _id: 5, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"),
     state: "WA", price: 43, quantity: 134 }
] )

This example uses $max in the $setWindowFields stage to output the maximum quantity of cake sales for each state:

db.cakeSales.aggregate( [
   {
      $setWindowFields: {
         partitionBy: "$state",
         sortBy: { orderDate: 1 },
         output: {
            maximumQuantityForState: {
               $max: "$quantity",
               window: {
                  documents: [ "unbounded", "current" ]
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
] )

No exemplo:

• partitionBy: "$state" particiona os documentos na collection por state. Existem partições para CA e WA.

• sortBy: { orderDate: 1 } classifica os documentos em cada partição por orderDate em ordem crescente (1), para que o orderDate mais antigo seja o primeiro.

• output sets the maximumQuantityForState field to the maximum quantity value using $max that is run in a documents window.

  The window contains documents between an unbounded lower limit and the current document in the output. This means $max returns the maximum quantity for the documents between the beginning of the partition and the current document.

Nessa saída, o máximo de quantity para CA e WA é mostrado no campo maximumQuantityForState:

{ "_id" : 4, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"),
  "state" : "CA", "price" : 41, "quantity" : 162, "maximumQuantityForState" : 162 }
{ "_id" : 0, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"),
  "state" : "CA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 120, "maximumQuantityForState" : 162 }
{ "_id" : 2, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"),
  "state" : "CA", "price" : 12, "quantity" : 145, "maximumQuantityForState" : 162 }
{ "_id" : 5, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"),
  "state" : "WA", "price" : 43, "quantity" : 134, "maximumQuantityForState" : 134 }
{ "_id" : 3, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"),
  "state" : "WA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 104, "maximumQuantityForState" : 134 }
{ "_id" : 1, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"),
  "state" : "WA", "price" : 14, "quantity" : 140, "maximumQuantityForState" : 140 }