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Fundamentals

Sintaxis LINQ para operaciones de agregación

Overview

En esta guía, puedes aprender a usar LINQ con el Controlador MongoDB .NET/C#. LINQ te permite construir consultas sobre colecciones de objetos fuertemente tipados mediante el uso de palabras clave y operadores del lenguaje. El controlador .NET/C# traduce automáticamente las consultas LINQ en operaciones de agregación.

Los ejemplos de esta guía utilizan el restaurants colección en la base de datos sample_restaurants proporcionada en los Conjuntos de datos de muestra de Atlas. Para aprender a crear un clúster gratuito de MongoDB Atlas y cargar los conjuntos de datos de muestra, consulta el Inicio rápido.

Las siguientes clases Restaurant, Address y GradeEntry representan los documentos de esta colección:

public class Restaurant
{
    public ObjectId Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("restaurant_id")]
    public string RestaurantId { get; set; }
    public string Cuisine { get; set; }
    public Address Address { get; set; }
    public string Borough { get; set; }
    public List<GradeEntry> Grades { get; set; }
}
public class Address
{
    public string Building { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("coord")]
    public double[] Coordinates { get; set; }
    public string Street { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("zipcode")]
    public string ZipCode { get; set; }
}
public class GradeEntry
{
    public DateTime Date { get; set; }
    public string Grade { get; set; }
    public float Score { get; set; }
}

Nota

Los documentos de la colección restaurants utilizan la convención de nomenclatura snake-case. Los ejemplos de esta guía utilizan un ConventionPack para deserializar los campos de la colección en notación Pascal y asignarlos a las propiedades de la clase Restaurant.

Para aprender más sobre la serialización personalizada, consultar Serialización personalizada.

Hacer que una colección sea consultable

Para usar LINQ para consultar tu colección, primero debes crear un objeto IQueryable que enlace a la colección. Para crear el objeto, utiliza el método AsQueryable() de la siguiente manera:

var restaurantsDatabase = client.GetDatabase("sample_restaurants");
var restaurantsCollection = restaurantsDatabase.GetCollection<Restaurant>("restaurants");
var queryableCollection = restaurantsCollection.AsQueryable();

El método AsQueryable() devuelve una instancia de IMongoQueryable que tiene los métodos de extensión IQueryable, junto con un conjunto de métodos específicos de MongoDB.

Una vez que tengas el objeto consultable, puedes componer una query utilizando la sintaxis de método. Algunas etapas del pipeline también admiten la sintaxis de comprensión de query, que se asemeja a la sintaxis de query SQL.

Selecciona el Method Syntax o la pestaña Query Syntax para ver cómo componer una consulta usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Name == "The Movable Feast")
    .Select(r => new { r.Name, r.Address });
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    where r.Name == "The Movable Feast"
    select new { r.Name, r.Address };

Puedes imprimir los resultados del ejemplo anterior de la siguiente manera:

foreach (var restaurant in query)
{
    Console.WriteLine(restaurant.ToJson());
}
{ "name" : "The Movable Feast", "address" : { "building" : "284", "coord" : [-73.982923900000003, 40.6580753], "street" : "Prospect Park West", "zipcode" : "11215" } }

Tip

Acceso a los resultados de la consulta

También puedes acceder a los resultados de tu query utilizando los métodos ToList() o ToCursor():

var results = query.ToList();
var results = query.ToCursor();

Etapas admitidas de agregación

Puede usar LINQ para crear una canalización de agregación. El controlador .NET/C# traduce automáticamente cada instrucción LINQ a las etapas correspondientes de la canalización de agregación. En esta sección, aprenderá qué etapas de la canalización de agregación son compatibles.

Para obtener más información sobre las etapas del pipeline de agregación, consulta la página Aggregation Stages en el manual del servidor.

$project

La etapa de agregación $project devuelve un documento que contiene solo los campos especificados.

Selecciona la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $project usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Select(r => new { r.Name, r.Address });
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    select new { r.Name, r.Address };

El resultado del ejemplo anterior contiene el siguiente documento:

{ "name" : "The Movable Feast", "address" : { "building" : "284", "coord" : [-73.982923900000003, 40.6580753], "street" : "Prospect Park West", "zipcode" : "11215" } }

Nota

Excluyendo el campo _id

Si no incluye el campo _id en su proyección LINQ, el controlador .NET/C# lo excluye automáticamente de los resultados.

Coincidencia

La etapa de agregación $match devuelve los documentos que coinciden con un criterio específico.

Selecciona la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $match usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Name == "The Movable Feast");
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    where r.Name == "The Movable Feast"
    select r;

El resultado del ejemplo anterior contiene el siguiente documento:

// Results Truncated
{ "_id" : ObjectId(...), "name" : "The Movable Feast", "restaurant_id" : "40361606", "cuisine" : "American", "address" : {...}, "borough" : "Brooklyn", "grades" : [...] }

$limit

La etapa de agregación $limit limita el número de documentos que devuelve la query. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo generar una etapa $limit usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Cuisine == "Italian")
    .Select(r => new {r.Name, r.Cuisine})
    .Take(5);

El resultado del ejemplo anterior contiene los siguientes documentos:

{ "name" : "Philadelhia Grille Express", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Isle Of Capri Resturant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Marchis Restaurant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Crystal Room", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Forlinis Restaurant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }

$sample

La etapa de agregación $sample devuelve una muestra aleatoria de documentos de una colección. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo generar una etapa $sample usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Aggregate()
    .Sample(4)
    .ToList();

El resultado del ejemplo anterior contiene los siguientes documentos:

// Results Truncated
{ "name" : "Von Dolhens", "cuisine" : "Ice Cream, Gelato, Yogurt, Ices" }
{ "name" : "New York Mercantile Exchange", "cuisine" : "American" }
{ "name" : "Michaelangelo's Restaurant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Charlie Palmer Steak", "cuisine" : "American" }

$skip

La etapa de agregación de $skip omite un número especificado de documentos devueltos por una consulta y luego devuelve el resto de los resultados. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo generar una etapa $skip usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Cuisine == "Italian")
    .Select(r => new {r.Name, r.Cuisine})
    .Skip(2);

El ejemplo anterior omite los dos primeros restaurantes que cumplen los criterios y devuelve el resto. El resultado contiene los siguientes documentos:

// Results Truncated
{ "name" : "Marchis Restaurant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Crystal Room", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
{ "name" : "Forlinis Restaurant", "cuisine" : "Italian" }
...

$unwind

La etapa de agregación $unwind deconstruye un campo de arreglo especificado y devuelve un documento para cada elemento de ese arreglo.

Seleccione la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $unwind usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Name == "The Movable Feast")
    .SelectMany(r => r.Grades);
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    where r.Name == "The Movable Feast"
    from grade in r.Grades
    select grade;

La query en el ejemplo anterior encuentra el documento en el que el campo Name tiene el valor "The Movable Feast". Luego, para cada elemento en el arreglo Grades de este documento, la query devuelve un nuevo documento. El resultado contiene los siguientes documentos:

{ "date" : ISODate("2014-11-19T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "A", "score" : 11 }
{ "date" : ISODate("2013-11-14T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "A", "score" : 2 }
{ "date" : ISODate("2012-12-05T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "A", "score" : 13 }
{ "date" : ISODate("2012-05-17T00:00:00Z"), "grade" : "A", "score" : 11 }

Instrucciones anidadas

Puedes encadenar o anidar instrucciones Select y SelectMany para deshacer arreglos anidados. Considera una colección que contiene documentos con un nuevo esquema. Estos documentos contienen un restaurants campo, que contiene un arreglo de documentos representados por la Restaurant clase. Los documentos dentro del arreglo tienen cada uno un campo grades que contiene un arreglo de documentos representados por la clase Grade. El siguiente código es un ejemplo de un solo documento de esta colección:

{
   "_id": { "$oid": ... },
   "restaurants": [
      {
         "_id": { ... } ,
         "address": { ... },
         "name": "Tov Kosher Kitchen",
         "grades": [
            {
               "date" : ISODate("2014-11-24T00:00:00Z"),
               "grade" : "Z",
               "score" : 20.0
            },
            {
               "date" : ISODate("2013-01-17T00:00:00Z"),
               "grade" : "A",
               "score" : 13.0
            }
         ]
         ...
      },
      {
         "_id": { ... } ,
         "address": { ... },
         "name": "Harriet's Kitchen",
         "grades": [
            {
               "date" : ISODate("2014-04-19T00:00:00Z"),
               "grade" : "B",
               "score" : 12.0
            }
          ],
         ...
      },
      ...
   ]
}

Puedes anidar SelectMany instrucciones dentro de SelectMany o Select instrucciones. El siguiente ejemplo anida una instrucción SelectMany dentro de una instrucción Select para recuperar un arreglo de cada documento en la colección. Cada arreglo contiene todos los objetos de calificación de todos los restaurantes en cada documento.

var query = queryableCollection
    .Select(r => r.Restaurants.SelectMany(r => r.Grades));
// output for first document in collection
[
   { "date" : ISODate("2014-11-24T00:00:00Z"),
      "grade" : "Z",
      "score" : 20.0
   },
   { "date" : ISODate("2013-01-17T00:00:00Z"),
      "grade" : "A",
      "score" : 13.0
   },
   {
      "date" : ISODate("2014-04-19T00:00:00Z"),
      "grade" : "B",
      "score" : 12.0
   },
   ...
],
// output for second document in collection
[
   ...
]

$group

La etapa de agregación $group separa los documentos en grupos según los criterios que se especifiquen.

Seleccione la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $group usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .GroupBy(r => r.Cuisine)
    .Select(g => new { Cuisine = g.Key, Count = g.Count() });
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    group r by r.Cuisine into g
    select new {Cuisine = g.Key, Count = g.Count()};

El ejemplo anterior agrupa cada documento por el valor de su campo Cuisine y luego cuenta cuántos documentos tienen cada valor Cuisine. El resultado contiene los siguientes documentos:

// Results Truncated
{ "cuisine" : "Caribbean", "count" : 657 }
{ "cuisine" : "Café/Coffee/Tea", "count" : 1214 }
{ "cuisine" : "Iranian", "count" : 2 }
{ "cuisine" : "Nuts/Confectionary", "count" : 6 }
{ "cuisine" : "Middle Eastern", "count" : 168 }
...

Nota

Orden de resultados

Las consultas anteriores no siempre devuelven resultados en el mismo orden. Ejecutar este ejemplo puede devolver los resultados en un orden diferente al que se muestra arriba.

$sort

La etapa de agregación $sort devuelve los resultados de tu query en el orden que especificaste.

Seleccione la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $sort usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .OrderBy(r => r.Name)
    .ThenByDescending(r => r.RestaurantId);
var query = from r in queryableCollection
    orderby r.Name, r.RestaurantId descending
    select r;

El ejemplo anterior devuelve los resultados de la query ordenados alfabéticamente por el campo Name, con una ordenación secundaria descendente en el campo RestaurantId. A continuación se muestra un subconjunto de los documentos contenidos en los resultados devueltos:

// Results Truncated
...
{ "_id" : ObjectId(...), "name" : "Aba Turkish Restaurant", "restaurant_id" : "41548686", "cuisine" : "Turkish", "address" : {...}, "borough" : "Manhattan", "grades" : [...] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId(...), "name" : "Abace Sushi", "restaurant_id" : "50006214", "cuisine" : "Japanese", "address" : { ... }, "borough" : "Manhattan", "grades" : [...] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId(...), "name" : "Abacky Potluck", "restaurant_id" : "50011222", "cuisine" : "Asian", "address" : { ... }, "borough" : "Manhattan", "grades" : [...] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId(...), "name" : "Abaleh", "restaurant_id" : "50009096", "cuisine" : "Mediterranean", "address" : { ... }, "borough" : "Manhattan", "grades" : [...] }
...

$lookup

La etapa de agregación $lookup une documentos de una colección con documentos de otra colección en la misma base de datos. La etapa $lookup agrega un nuevo campo de arreglo en cada documento de entrada. El nuevo campo de arreglo contiene los documentos coincidentes de la colección "vinculada".

Nota

Para realizar una búsqueda, debes hacer ambas colecciones consultables usando el método AsQueryable().

Para aprender a hacer que una colección sea consultable, consulta Hacer que una colección sea consultable.

Considera una segunda colección en la base de datos sample_restaurants llamada reviews que tiene revisiones de restaurantes. Puedes unir documentos de esa colección a documentos con el mismo valor de name en la colección restaurants usando la etapa $lookup.

La siguiente clase Review modela los documentos en la colección reviews:

public class Review
{
    public ObjectId Id { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("restaurant_name")]
    public string RestaurantName { get; set; }
    public string Reviewer { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("review_text")]
    public string ReviewText { get; set; }
}

Selecciona la pestaña Method Syntax o Query Syntax para ver cómo generar una etapa $lookup usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .GroupJoin(reviewCollection,
        restaurant => restaurant.Name,
        review => review.RestaurantName,
        (restaurant, reviews) =>
            new { Restaurant = restaurant, Reviews = reviews }
    );
var query = from restaurant in queryableCollection
    join rv in reviewCollection on restaurant.Name equals rv.RestaurantName into reviews
    select new { restaurant, reviews };

El ejemplo anterior devuelve todos los documentos de la colección restaurants. Cada documento de restaurante tiene un campo adicional llamado reviews, que contiene todas las revisiones de ese restaurante. Una revisión coincide con un restaurante si el valor del campo name en el documento de la revisión coincide con el campo name del documento del restaurante.

A continuación se muestra un subconjunto de los resultados devueltos:

// Results Truncated
{
   "restaurant": {
      "_id": ObjectId("..."),
      "name": "The Movable Feast",
      "restaurant_id": "40361606",
      "cuisine": "American",
      "address": { ... },
      "borough": "Brooklyn",
      "grades": [ ... ]
   },
   "reviews": [
      {
         "_id": ObjectId("..."),
         "restaurant_name": "The Movable Feast",
         "reviewer": "Lazlo Cravensworth",
         "review_text": "Great restaurant! 12/10 stars!"
      },
      {
         "_id": ObjectId("..."),
         "restaurant_name": "The Movable Feast",
         "reviewer": "Michael Scarn",
         "review_text": "It really was a feast"
      }
   ]
}

$vectorSearch

La etapa de agregación $vectorSearch realiza una búsqueda de ANN en un vector en el campo especificado. Su colección debe tener un índice de MongoDB Vector Search definido antes de poder realizar una búsqueda vectorial en sus datos.

Tip

Para obtener el conjunto de datos de muestra utilizado en el siguiente ejemplo, consulta Inicio rápido. Para crear el índice de búsqueda vectorial de MongoDB de muestra utilizado en el siguiente ejemplo, consulta Crear un índice de búsqueda vectorial de MongoDB en el manual de Atlas.

Considera la colección embedded_movies en la base de datos sample_mflix. Se puede utilizar una etapa $vectorSearch para realizar una búsqueda semántica en el campo plot_embedding de los documentos en la colección.

La siguiente clase EmbeddedMovie modela los documentos en la colección embedded_movies:

[BsonIgnoreExtraElements]
public class EmbeddedMovie
{
   [BsonIgnoreIfDefault]
   public string Title { get; set; }
   public string Plot { get; set; }
   [BsonElement("plot_embedding")]
   public double[] Embedding { get; set; }
}

El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo generar una etapa $vectorSearch para buscar en el campo plot_embedding utilizando embeddings vectoriales para la string "time travel":

// Defines vector embeddings for the string "time travel"
var vector = new[] 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// Specifies that the vector search will consider the 150 nearest neighbors
// in the specified index
var options = new VectorSearchOptions<EmbeddedMovie>()
{
   IndexName = "vector_index",
   NumberOfCandidates = 150
};
// Builds aggregation pipeline and specifies that the $vectorSearch stage
// returns 10 results
var results = queryableCollection
   .VectorSearch(m => m.Embedding, vector, 10, options)
   .Select(m => new { m.Title, m.Plot });

Los resultados del ejemplo anterior contienen los siguientes documentos:

{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13a0f29313caabd04a4f"), "plot" : "A reporter, learning of time travelers visiting 20th century disasters, tries to change the history they know by averting upcoming disasters.", "title" : "Thrill Seekers" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13d8f29313caabda6557"), "plot" : "At the age of 21, Tim discovers he can travel in time and change what happens and has happened in his own life. His decision to make his world a better place by getting a girlfriend turns out not to be as easy as you might think.", "title" : "About Time" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13a5f29313caabd13b4b"), "plot" : "Hoping to alter the events of the past, a 19th century inventor instead travels 800,000 years into the future, where he finds humankind divided into two warring races.", "title" : "The Time Machine" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13aef29313caabd2e2d7"), "plot" : "After using his mother's newly built time machine, Dolf gets stuck involuntary in the year 1212. He ends up in a children's crusade where he confronts his new friends with modern techniques...", "title" : "Crusade in Jeans" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a1399f29313caabceec0e"), "plot" : "An officer for a security agency that regulates time travel, must fend for his life against a shady politician who has a tie to his past.", "title" : "Timecop" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a1399f29313caabcee36f"), "plot" : "A time-travel experiment in which a robot probe is sent from the year 2073 to the year 1973 goes terribly wrong thrusting one of the project scientists, a man named Nicholas Sinclair into a...", "title" : "A.P.E.X." }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13c6f29313caabd715d3"), "plot" : "Agent J travels in time to M.I.B.'s early days in 1969 to stop an alien from assassinating his friend Agent K and changing history.", "title" : "Men in Black 3" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13d4f29313caabd98c13"), "plot" : "Bound by a shared destiny, a teen bursting with scientific curiosity and a former boy-genius inventor embark on a mission to unearth the secrets of a place somewhere in time and space that exists in their collective memory.", "title" : "Tomorrowland" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13b6f29313caabd477fa"), "plot" : "With the help of his uncle, a man travels to the future to try and bring his girlfriend back to life.", "title" : "Love Story 2050" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("573a13e5f29313caabdc40c9"), "plot" : "A dimension-traveling wizard gets stuck in the 21st century because cell-phone radiation interferes with his magic. With his home world on the brink of war, he seeks help from a jaded ...", "title" : "The Portal" }

Para obtener más información sobre MongoDB búsqueda vectorial, los índices de búsqueda vectorial de MongoDB y cómo incorporarlos a tu aplicación, consulta Descripción general de MongoDB búsqueda vectorial en el manual de Atlas. Para más ejemplos sobre cómo ejecutar consultas de MongoDB Vector Search usando el driver .NET/C#, consulta Ejecutar consultas de búsqueda vectorial en el manual de Atlas y selecciona C# del menú desplegable de lenguajes.

Operadores a nivel de bits

Esta sección describe los operadores bit a bit admitidos por el driver .NET/C# que puedes usar en una pipeline de agregación. Puede usar varios operadores bit a bit en la misma etapa. Las siguientes directrices se aplican al utilizar operadores a nivel de bits:

  • Todos los operandos deben ser de tipo int o long.

  • $bitAnd, $bitOr, y $bitXor toman dos o más operandos. $bitNot toma un operando.

  • Las operaciones bit a bit se evaluan de izquierda a derecha.

Los ejemplos de esta sección utilizan los siguientes documentos en una colección llamada ingredients:

{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "watermelon", "is_available" : 1, "is_cheap" : 1 },
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "onions", "is_available" : 1, "is_cheap" : 0 },
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "eggs", "is_available" : 0, "is_cheap" : 0 },
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "potatoes", "is_available" : 1, "is_cheap" : 1 },
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "pasta", "is_available" : 0, "is_cheap" : 1 },
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "cheese", "is_available" : 1 }

El campo "is_available" indica si un ingrediente está disponible. Si este campo tiene un valor de 0, el ingrediente no está disponible. Si tiene un valor de 1, el ingrediente está disponible.

El campo "is_cheap" representa si un ingrediente es barato. Si este campo tiene un valor de 0, el ingrediente no es barato. Si tiene un valor de 1, el ingrediente es barato.

La siguiente clase Ingredient modela los documentos en la colección ingredients:

public class Ingredient 
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("is_available")]
    public int? IsAvailable { get; set; }
    [BsonElement("is_cheap")]
    public int? IsCheap { get; set; }
}

Nota

Operadores faltantes o indefinidos

Si los operandos que pasas a cualquier operador bit a bit son de tipo nullable int o long y contienen un valor no definido o faltante, toda la expresión se evalúa como null. Si los operandos son de tipo no nulo int o long y contienen un valor faltante o indefinido, el controlador de .NET/C# lanzará un error.

$bitAnd

El operador de agregación $bitAnd realiza una operación AND a nivel de bit en los argumentos dados. Puedes utilizar el operador $bitAnd conectando dos o más cláusulas con un carácter &.

El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo crear una etapa $bitAnd utilizando LINQ. El código recupera el documento en el que el campo Name tiene el valor "watermelon". Luego realiza una operación AND a nivel de bits en los valores de los campos IsAvailable y IsCheap en este documento.

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(i => i.Name == "watermelon")
    .Select(i => i.IsAvailable & i.IsCheap);

El código anterior devuelve 1, que es el resultado de la operación AND sobre los valores del campo IsAvailable (1) y el campo IsCheap (1).

El siguiente ejemplo realiza la misma operación AND bit a bit en todos los documentos de la colección:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Select(i => i.IsAvailable & i.IsCheap);
1
0
0
1
0
null

El resultado null proviene del documento donde el campo Name tiene el valor "cheese". A este documento le falta un campo IsCheap, por lo que la expresión se evalúa como null.

$bitOr

El operador de agregación $bitOr realiza una operación OR a nivel de bit en los argumentos proporcionados. Puedes utilizar el operador $bitOr conectando dos o más cláusulas con un carácter |.

El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo crear una etapa $bitOr mediante LINQ. El código recupera el documento cuyo campo Name tiene el valor "onions". A continuación, realiza una operación OR bit a bit con los valores de los campos IsAvailable y IsCheap de este documento.

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(i => i.Name == "onions")
    .Select(i => i.IsAvailable | i.IsCheap);

El código anterior devuelve 1, el resultado de la operación OR sobre los valores del campo IsAvailable (1) y del campo IsCheap (0).

$bitNot

El operador de agregación $bitNot realiza una operación de NOT bit a bit en el argumento dado. Puede utilizar el operador $bitNot precediendo un operando con un carácter ~. $bitNot solo acepta un argumento. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo crear una etapa $bitNot usando LINQ:

var query = queryableCollection
    .Select(i => ~i.IsCheap);
-2
-1
-1
-2
-2
null

$bitXor

El operador de agregación $bitXor realiza una operación XOR bit a bit en los argumentos dados. Puede utilizar el operador $bitXor conectando dos o más cláusulas con un caracter ^.

El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo crear una etapa $bitXor utilizando LINQ. El código recupera los documentos en los que el campo Name tiene el valor "watermelon" o "onions". Luego realiza una operación bit a bit XOR en los valores de los campos IsAvailable y IsCheap en estos documentos.

var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(i => i.Name == "watermelon" || i.Name == "onions")
    .Select(i => i.IsAvailable ^ i.IsCheap);

El resultado contiene los siguientes valores:

0
1

Etapas de agregación no compatibles

La implementación de LINQ del controlador de MongoDB .NET/C# no admite las siguientes etapas de agregación:

  • $redact

  • $geoNear

  • $out

Para aprender cómo crear un pipeline de agregación con la etapa $out usando desarrolladores, consulta la sección Guardar los resultados del pipeline en una colección.

Métodos soportados

Los siguientes son algunos métodos compatibles con la implementación del Controlador MongoDB .NET/C# de LINQ:

Nombre del método
Descripción

Any

Determina si algún documento cumple con los criterios especificados

Average

Calcula el promedio de los campos especificados

Count

Devuelve un Int32 que representa la cantidad de documentos que cumplen los criterios especificados.

LongCount

Devuelve un Int64 que representa la cantidad de documentos que cumplen los criterios especificados.

DateFromString

Convierte un string en un objeto DateTime

Distinct

Devuelve documentos distintos que coinciden con los criterios especificados

Exists

Prueba si un campo existe

DistinctMany

Devuelve documentos únicos de un arreglo que concuerdan con los criterios especificados

Exists

Prueba si un campo existe

First

Devuelve el primer documento que coincida, y lanza una excepción si no se encuentra ninguno

FirstOrDefault

Devuelve el primer documento coincidente, o null si no se encuentran ninguno

GroupBy

Agrupa documentos en función de los criterios especificados

GroupJoin

Realiza una unión externa izquierda a otra colección en la misma base de datos

IsMissing

Devuelve true si falta un campo y false en caso contrario

IsNullOrMissing

Devuelve true si un campo es nulo o falta y falso en caso contrario

Max

Devuelve el documento con el valor máximo especificado

OfType

Devuelve documentos que coincidan con el tipo especificado

OrderBy, OrderByDescending

Devuelve resultados en un orden de clasificación especificado

ThenBy, ThenByDescending

Permite especificar un orden secundario

Select

Selecciona documentos en función de criterios específicos

SelectMany

Proyecta cada elemento de una secuencia y combina las secuencias resultantes en un solo documento

Single

Devuelve el único documento coincidente y lanza una excepción si no hay exactamente un documento

SingleOrDefault

Devuelve un solo documento coincidente o null si no hay documentos coincidentes

Skip

Se omite una cantidad especificada de documentos y se devuelve el resto de los resultados

Sum

Devuelve la suma de los valores en un campo especificado

Take

Especifica la cantidad de resultados a devolver

Where

Devuelve todos los documentos que coinciden con los criterios especificados

Ver consultas traducidas

Al ejecutar una consulta LINQ, el controlador .NET/C# la traduce automáticamente a una canalización de agregación escrita con la API de consultas de MongoDB. Puede ver la consulta traducida mediante el método ToString() o la propiedad LoggedStages.

Para ver la query traducida de operaciones no escalares, utilice el método ToString(). Las operaciones no escalares son operaciones que devuelven un objeto de query, como:

  • Where

  • Select

  • SelectMany

  • GroupJoin

El siguiente ejemplo llama al método ToString() en una query LINQ e imprime la query traducida:

 var queryableCollection = _restaurantsCollection.AsQueryable();
 var query = queryableCollection
      .Where(r => r.Name == "The Movable Feast");
 var queryTranslated = query.ToString();
 Console.WriteLine(queryTranslated);
sample_restaurants.restaurants.Aggregate([{ "$match" : { "name" : "The Movable Feast" } }])

Para obtener la consulta traducida de operaciones escalares, utilice la LoggedStages propiedad. Las operaciones escalares son operaciones que devuelven un resultado escalar en lugar de un objeto de consulta, como:

  • First

  • Sum

  • Count

  • Min

  • Max

Para obtener una query traducida con la propiedad LoggedStages, debe guardar la query traducida directamente después de que se ejecute y antes de ejecutar cualquier otra query con el mismo objeto consultable.

El siguiente ejemplo utiliza la propiedad LoggedStages en una query LINQ que usa una operación escalar, luego imprime la query traducida:

var queryableCollection = _restaurantsCollection.AsQueryable();
var query = queryableCollection
    .Where(r => r.Name == "The Movable Feast");
var result = query.FirstOrDefault();
var queryTranslated = query.LoggedStages;
Console.WriteLine(queryTranslated.ToJson());
[{ "$match" : { "name" : "The Movable Feast" } }, { "$limit" : NumberLong(1) }]

Importante

LoggedStages no es seguro para subprocesos. Ejecutar una query y acceder a la propiedad LoggedStages asociada desde varios subprocesos podría tener resultados no deterministas.

Documentación de la API

Para obtener una lista completa de los métodos LINQ compatibles, consulta la siguiente documentación de la API:

Volver

Agregación

Next

Operaciones BSON

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