Overview
In this guide, you can learn how to perform searches on your documents by using the MongoDB Vector Search feature. The C driver allows you to perform MongoDB Vector Search queries by using the aggregation framework. To learn more about performing aggregations, see the Aggregation guide.
注意
部署兼容性
仅当连接到MongoDB Atlas集群时才能使用MongoDB Vector Search功能。此功能不适用于自我管理部署。
要学习;了解有关MongoDB Vector Search 的更多信息,请参阅Atlas文档中的 MongoDB Vector Search 概述。
MongoDB Vector Search 索引
Before you perform MongoDB Vector Search queries, you must create a MongoDB Vector Search index on your collection. To learn more about creating this index, see the C MongoDB Search Indexes guide.
向量搜索聚合阶段
To create a $vectorSearch stage in your aggregation pipeline, include the $vectorSearch pipeline stage definition in your bson_t pipeline structure, then pass the pipeline to the mongoc_collection_aggregate() function.
Define the following fields in your $vectorSearch stage:
Parameter | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| 字符串 | 向量搜索索引的名称 |
| 字符串 | 包含向量嵌入的字段 |
| BSON array of doubles | 查询的向量表示 |
| 数字 | 要返回的结果数 |
MongoDB Search 查询示例
提示
样本数据
The example in this section uses sample data from the sample_mflix.embedded_movies collection. To learn how to load this sample data, see the MongoDB Get Started guide.
The following code performs a MongoDB Vector Search query on the plot_embedding vector field by using a query vector that is a vector embedding of the phrase "time travel". It then uses the $project stage to output only the title and plot fields and add a score field to show the relevance score of each document:
// 2048-dimensional vector embedding representation of the phrase "time travel" double embeddings[2048] = 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// Build the query vector array for the vector embedding representation of the phrase "time travel". bson_t query_vector = BSON_INITIALIZER; { bson_array_builder_t *builder = bson_array_builder_new(); for (int i = 0; i < 2048; i++) { bson_array_builder_append_double(builder, embeddings[i]); } bson_array_builder_build(builder, &query_vector); bson_array_builder_destroy(builder); } // Create aggregation pipeline for Vector Search bson_t *pipeline = BCON_NEW( "pipeline", "[", "{", "$vectorSearch", "{", "index", "vector_index", "path", "plot_embedding_voyage_3_large", "queryVector", BCON_ARRAY(&query_vector), "numCandidates", BCON_INT32(150), "limit", BCON_INT32(10), "}", "}", "{", "$project", "{", "title", BCON_BOOL(true), "plot", BCON_BOOL(true), "_id", BCON_BOOL(false), "score", "{", "$meta", "vectorSearchScore", "}", "}", "}", "]" ); // Execute the collection aggregation command mongoc_cursor_t *cursor = mongoc_collection_aggregate(collection, MONGOC_QUERY_NONE, pipeline, NULL, NULL ); // Print results const bson_t *doc; while (mongoc_cursor_next(cursor, &doc)) { char *str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json(doc, NULL); printf("%s\n", str); bson_free(str); }
{ "plot" : "At the age of 21, Tim discovers he can travel in time and change what happens and has happened in his own life. His decision to make his world a better place by getting a girlfriend turns out not to be as easy as you might think.", "title" : "About Time", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.77101063728332519531" } } { "plot" : "A psychiatrist makes multiple trips through time to save a woman that was murdered by her brutal husband.", "title" : "Retroactive", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.76004797220230102539" } } { "plot" : "A time-travel experiment in which a robot probe is sent from the year 2073 to the year 1973 goes terribly wrong thrusting one of the project scientists, a man named Nicholas Sinclair into a...", "title" : "A.P.E.X.", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.75768613815307617188" } } { "plot" : "An officer for a security agency that regulates time travel, must fend for his life against a shady politician who has a tie to his past.", "title" : "Timecop", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.75765615701675415039" } } { "plot" : "After visiting 2015, Marty McFly must repeat his visit to 1955 to prevent disastrous changes to 1985... without interfering with his first trip.", "title" : "Back to the Future Part II", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.7521393895149230957" } } { "plot" : "A reporter, learning of time travelers visiting 20th century disasters, tries to change the history they know by averting upcoming disasters.", "title" : "Thrill Seekers", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.75099325180053710938" } } { "plot" : "Lyle, a motorcycle champion is traveling the Mexican desert, when he find himself in the action radius of a time machine. So he find himself one century back in the past between rapists, ...", "title" : "Timerider: The Adventure of Lyle Swann", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.75026428699493408203" } } { "plot" : "Hoping to alter the events of the past, a 19th century inventor instead travels 800,000 years into the future, where he finds humankind divided into two warring races.", "title" : "The Time Machine", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.75025033950805664062" } } { "plot" : "A romantic drama about a Chicago librarian with a gene that causes him to involuntarily time travel, and the complications it creates for his marriage.", "title" : "The Time Traveler's Wife", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.74949634075164794922" } } { "plot" : "A modern aircraft carrier is thrown back in time to 1941 near Hawaii, just hours before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.", "title" : "The Final Countdown", "score" : { "$numberDouble" : "0.74691337347030639648" } }
向量搜索选项
You can modify your MongoDB Vector Search queries by specifying the following options in the stage definition:
选项 | 类型 | 说明 | 默认值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 布尔 | Specifies whether to run an Exact Nearest Neighbor ( |
|
| 文档 | Specifies a pre-filter for documents to search on. You can filter on boolean, date, objectId, numeric, string, UUID values, and arrays of these types. | 不过滤 |
| 数字 | Specifies the number of nearest neighbors to use during the search. | No limit |
更多信息
要学习;了解有关本指南中提到的概念的更多信息,请参阅以下MongoDB Server手册条目:
To learn more about aggregation pipelines in the C driver, see the C Aggregation guide.
To perform advanced full-text search on your documents, you can use the MongoDB Search feature. To learn more, see the MongoDB Search Overview.
API 文档
要学习;了解有关本指南中提及的函数的更多信息,请参阅以下API文档: