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• MongoDB\Collection::findOneAndUpdate()

MongoDB\Collection::findOneAndUpdate()

Definition

MongoDB\Collection::findOneAndUpdate

Finds a single document matching the query and updates it.

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function findOneAndUpdate(array|object $filter, array|object $update, array $options = []): object|null

This method has the following parameters:

Parameter	Type	Description
$filter	array|object	The filter criteria that specifies the documents to update.
$update	array|object	Specifies the field and value combinations to update and any relevant update operators. $update uses MongoDB’s update operators. Starting with MongoDB 4.2, an aggregation pipeline can be passed as this parameter.
$options	array	Optional. An array specifying the desired options.

The $options parameter supports the following options:

Option	Type	Description
projection	array|object	Optional. The projection specification to determine which fields to include in the returned documents. See Project Fields to Return from Query and Projection Operators in the MongoDB manual.
sort	array|object	Optional. The sort specification for the ordering of the results.
arrayFilters	array	Optional. An array of filter documents that determines which array elements to modify for an update operation on an array field. New in version 1.3.
collation	array|object	Optional. Collation allows users to specify language-specific rules for string comparison, such as rules for lettercase and accent marks. When specifying collation, the locale field is mandatory; all other collation fields are optional. For descriptions of the fields, see Collation Document. If the collation is unspecified but the collection has a default collation, the operation uses the collation specified for the collection. If no collation is specified for the collection or for the operation, MongoDB uses the simple binary comparison used in prior versions for string comparisons.
comment	mixed	Optional. Enables users to specify an arbitrary comment to help trace the operation through the database profiler, currentOp output, and logs. This is not supported for server versions prior to 4.4 and will result in an exception at execution time if used. New in version 1.13.
hint	string|array|object	Optional. The index to use. Specify either the index name as a string or the index key pattern as a document. If specified, then the query system will only consider plans using the hinted index. This option is available in MongoDB 4.4+ and will result in an exception at execution time if specified for an older server version. New in version 1.7.
maxTimeMS	integer	Optional. The cumulative time limit in milliseconds for processing operations on the cursor. MongoDB aborts the operation at the earliest following interrupt point.
bypassDocumentValidation	boolean	Optional. If true, allows the write operation to circumvent document level validation. Defaults to false.
let	array|object	Optional. Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. $$var). This is not supported for server versions prior to 5.0 and will result in an exception at execution time if used. New in version 1.13.
returnDocument	integer	Optional. Specifies whether to return the document before the update is applied, or after. returnDocument supports the following values: MongoDB\Operation\FindOneAndUpdate::RETURN_DOCUMENT_BEFORE (default) MongoDB\Operation\FindOneAndUpdate::RETURN_DOCUMENT_AFTER
session	MongoDB\Driver\Session	Optional. Client session to associate with the operation. New in version 1.3.
typeMap	array	Optional. The type map to apply to cursors, which determines how BSON documents are converted to PHP values. Defaults to the collection’s type map. This will be used for the returned result document.
upsert	boolean	Optional. If set to true, creates a new document when no document matches the query criteria. The default value is false, which does not insert a new document when no match is found.
writeConcern	MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern	Optional. Write concern to use for the operation. Defaults to the collection’s write concern. It is not possible to specify a write concern for individual operations as part of a transaction. Instead, set the writeConcern option when starting the transaction with startTransaction.

Return Values

An array or object for either the original or the updated document, depending on the specified value of the returnDocument option. By default, the original document is returned. If no document matched the query, null is returned. The return type will depend on the typeMap option.

Errors/Exceptions

MongoDB\Exception\UnexpectedValueException if the command response from the server was malformed.

MongoDB\Exception\UnsupportedException if options are used and not supported by the selected server (e.g. collation, readConcern, writeConcern).

MongoDB\Exception\InvalidArgumentException for errors related to the parsing of parameters or options.

MongoDB\Driver\Exception\RuntimeException for other errors at the driver level (e.g. connection errors).

Behavior

When evaluating query criteria, MongoDB compares types and values according to its own comparison rules for BSON types, which differs from PHP’s comparison and type juggling rules. When matching a special BSON type the query criteria should use the respective BSON class in the driver (e.g. use MongoDB\BSON\ObjectId to match an ObjectId).

Examples

The following operation updates the restaurant with restaurant_id of "40361708" in the restaurants collection in the test database by setting its building number to "761":

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<?php

$collection = (new MongoDB\Client)->test->restaurants;

$updatedRestaurant = $collection->findOneAndUpdate(
    [ 'restaurant_id' => '40361708' ],
    [ '$set' => [ 'address.building' => '761' ]],
    [
        'projection' => [ 'address' => 1 ],
        'returnDocument' => MongoDB\Operation\FindOneAndUpdate::RETURN_DOCUMENT_AFTER,
    ]
);

var_dump($updatedRestaurant);

The output would then resemble:

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object(MongoDB\Model\BSONDocument)#20 (1) {
  ["storage":"ArrayObject":private]=>
  array(2) {
    ["_id"]=>
    object(MongoDB\BSON\ObjectId)#12 (1) {
      ["oid"]=>
      string(24) "594d5ef280a846852a4b3dee"
    }
    ["address"]=>
    object(MongoDB\Model\BSONDocument)#19 (1) {
      ["storage":"ArrayObject":private]=>
      array(4) {
        ["building"]=>
        string(3) "761"
        ["coord"]=>
        object(MongoDB\Model\BSONArray)#18 (1) {
          ["storage":"ArrayObject":private]=>
          array(2) {
            [0]=>
            float(-73.9925306)
            [1]=>
            float(40.7309346)
          }
        }
        ["street"]=>
        string(8) "Broadway"
        ["zipcode"]=>
        string(5) "10003"
      }
    }
  }
}

See Also

• MongoDB\Collection::findOneAndDelete()
• MongoDB\Collection::findOneAndReplace()
• findAndModify command reference in the MongoDB manual

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