Model One-to-One Relationships with Embedded Documents

Create a data model that uses embedded documents to describe a one-to-one relationship between connected data. Embedding connected data in a single document can reduce the number of read operations required to obtain data. In general, structure your schema so your application receives all of its required information in a single read operation. For example, you can use the the embedded one-to-one model to describe the following relationships:

Country to capital city
User account to email address
Building to address

Example

The example schema contains two entities, a patron and an address:

// patron document
{
   _id: "joe",
   name: "Joe Bookreader"
}
// address document
{
   street: "123 Fake Street",
   city: "Faketon",
   state: "MA",
   zip: "12345"
}

Embedded Document Pattern

The address data is frequently retrieved with the patron information. To allow your application to retreive all necessary information with a single query, embed the address information inside of the patron document:

{
   _id: "joe",
   name: "Joe Bookreader",
   address: {
              street: "123 Fake Street",
              city: "Faketon",
              state: "MA",
              zip: "12345"
            }
}

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Document Relationships

One-to-Many Embedded Documents