删除文档

您可以使用 collection.deleteOne() 删除集合中的单个文档。deleteOne() 方法使用您提供的查询文档来匹配集合中与查询匹配的文档子集。如果未提供查询文档（或提供空文档），MongoDB 将匹配集合中的所有文档并删除首个匹配项。

您可以使用作为deleteOne方法的第二个参数传递的options对象来指定更多查询选项。有关此方法的更多信息，请参阅 deleteOne() API文档。

注意

如果您的应用程序在删除后需要被删除的文档，请考虑使用 collection.findOneAndDelete() 方法，此方法的接口与 deleteOne() 类似的接口，但也会返回已删除的文档。

例子

以下代码片段从 movies 集合中删除单个文档。它使用一个查询文档，该文档配置查询以匹配标题为 title 值“Annie Hall”的电影。

注意

可以使用此示例连接到 MongoDB 实例，并与包含样本数据的数据库进行交互。如需了解有关连接到 MongoDB 实例和加载示例数据集的更多信息，请参阅使用示例指南。

1 // Delete a document
2 
3 import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";
4 
5 // Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string
6 const uri = "<connection string uri>";
7 
8 const client = new MongoClient(uri);
9 
10 async function run() {
11   try {
12     const database = client.db("sample_mflix");
13     const movies = database.collection("movies");
14 
15     /* Delete the first document in the "movies" collection that matches
16     the specified query document */
17     const query = { title: "Annie Hall" };
18     const result = await movies.deleteOne(query);
19 
20     /* Print a message that indicates whether the operation deleted a
21     document */
22     if (result.deletedCount === 1) {
23       console.log("Successfully deleted one document.");
24     } else {
25       console.log("No documents matched the query. Deleted 0 documents.");
26     }
27   } finally {
28     // Close the connection after the operation completes
29     await client.close();
30   }
31 }
32 // Run the program and print any thrown exceptions
33 run().catch(console.dir);

1 // Delete a document
2 
3 import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";
4 
5 // Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string
6 const uri = "<connection string uri>";
7 
8 const client = new MongoClient(uri);
9 
10 async function run() {
11   try {
12     const database = client.db("sample_mflix");
13     const movies = database.collection("movies");
14 
15     /* Delete the first document in the "movies" collection that matches
16     the specified query document */
17     const query = { title: "Annie Hall" };
18     const result = await movies.deleteOne(query);
19 
20     /* Print a message that indicates whether the operation deleted a
21     document */
22     if (result.deletedCount === 1) {
23       console.log("Successfully deleted one document.");
24     } else {
25       console.log("No documents matched the query. Deleted 0 documents.");
26     }
27   } finally {
28     // Close the connection after the operation completes
29     await client.close();
30   }
31 }
32 // Run the program and print any thrown exceptions
33 run().catch(console.dir);

注意

相同的代码片段

上述 JavaScript 和 TypeScript 代码片段完全相同。驱动程序没有与此使用案例相关的特定于 TypeScript 的功能。

运行前面的示例，您将看到以下输出：

Successfully deleted one document.

如果多次运行该示例，您将看到以下输出，因为您在第一次运行时删除了匹配的文档：

No documents matched the query. Deleted 0 documents.

后退

删除

来年

删除多个文档

1	// Delete a document
2
3	import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";
4
5	// Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string
6	const uri = "<connection string uri>";
7
8	const client = new MongoClient(uri);
9
10	async function run() {
11	try {
12	const database = client.db("sample_mflix");
13	const movies = database.collection("movies");
14
15	/* Delete the first document in the "movies" collection that matches
16	the specified query document */
17	const query = { title: "Annie Hall" };
18	const result = await movies.deleteOne(query);
19
20	/* Print a message that indicates whether the operation deleted a
21	document */
22	if (result.deletedCount === 1) {
23	console.log("Successfully deleted one document.");
24	} else {
25	console.log("No documents matched the query. Deleted 0 documents.");
26	}
27	} finally {
28	// Close the connection after the operation completes
29	await client.close();
30	}
31	}
32	// Run the program and print any thrown exceptions
33	run().catch(console.dir);