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mongoimport 示例指南

MongoDB提供了 mongoimport 工具来将JSON和逗号分隔值（CSV）文件导入到主数据集中。本指南介绍了如何有效地使用 mongoimport 将数据移入MongoDB 数据库。

开始之前

开始使用 Atlas。
按照Database Tools安装指南安装mongoimport。

创建示例文件。

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

mkdir test-datasets
cd test-datasets

创建 `.json` 示例文件

@'
 {
    "tripduration": 602,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
    "start station id": 3382,
    "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
    "start station latitude": 40.680611,
    "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
    "end station id": 3304,
    "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.668127,
    "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
    "bikeid": 41932,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1970,
    "gender": "male"
 }
'@ | Set-Content -Path ride_01.json
@'
 {
    "tripduration": 1206,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
    "start station id": 362,
    "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
    "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
    "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
    "end station id": 500,
    "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
    "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
    "bikeid": 18869,
    "usertype": "Customer",
    "birth year": 1999,
    "gender": "male"
 }
'@ | Set-Content -Path ride_02.json
@'
 {
    "tripduration": 723,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
    "start station id": 146,
    "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
    "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
    "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
    "end station id": 238,
    "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
    "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
    "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
    "bikeid": 15334,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1997,
    "gender": "male"
 }
'@ | Set-Content -Path ride_03.json
@'
 [
    {
       "tripduration": 602,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
       "start station id": 3382,
       "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
       "start station latitude": 40.680611,
       "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
       "end station id": 3304,
       "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.668127,
       "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
       "bikeid": 41932,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1970,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 1206,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
       "start station id": 362,
       "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
       "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
       "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
       "end station id": 500,
       "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
       "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
       "bikeid": 18869,
       "usertype": "Customer",
       "birth year": 1999,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 723,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
       "start station id": 146,
       "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
       "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
       "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
       "end station id": 238,
       "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
       "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
       "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
       "bikeid": 15334,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1997,
       "gender": "male"
    }
 ]
'@ | Set-Content -Path rides.json
@'
 602,"2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640","2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",3382,"Carroll St & Smith St",40.680611,-73.99475825,3304,"6 Ave & 9 St",40.668127,-73.98377641,41932,"Subscriber",1970,1
 1206,"2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630","2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",362,"Broadway & W 37 St",40.75172632,-73.98753523,500,"Broadway & W 51 St",40.76228826,-73.98336183,18869,"Customer",1999,1
 723,"2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180","2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",146,"Hudson St & Reade St",40.71625008,-74.0091059,238,"Bank St & Washington St",40.7361967,-74.00859207,15334,"Subscriber",1997,1
'@ | Set-Content -Path rides_no_header.json

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

mkdir test-datasets
cd test-datasets

创建 `.json` 示例文件

echo '{
    "tripduration": 602,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
    "start station id": 3382,
    "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
    "start station latitude": 40.680611,
    "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
    "end station id": 3304,
    "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.668127,
    "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
    "bikeid": 41932,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1970,
    "gender": "male"
}' > ride_01.json
echo '{
    "tripduration": 1206,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
    "start station id": 362,
    "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
    "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
    "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
    "end station id": 500,
    "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
    "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
    "bikeid": 18869,
    "usertype": "Customer",
    "birth year": 1999,
    "gender": "male"
}' > ride_02.json
echo '{
    "tripduration": 723,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
    "start station id": 146,
    "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
    "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
    "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
    "end station id": 238,
    "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
    "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
    "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
    "bikeid": 15334,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1997,
    "gender": "male"
}' > ride_03.json
echo '[
    {
       "tripduration": 602,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
       "start station id": 3382,
       "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
       "start station latitude": 40.680611,
       "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
       "end station id": 3304,
       "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.668127,
       "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
       "bikeid": 41932,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1970,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 1206,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
       "start station id": 362,
       "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
       "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
       "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
       "end station id": 500,
       "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
       "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
       "bikeid": 18869,
       "usertype": "Customer",
       "birth year": 1999,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 723,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
       "start station id": 146,
       "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
       "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
       "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
       "end station id": 238,
       "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
       "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
       "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
       "bikeid": 15334,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1997,
       "gender": "male"
    }
]' > rides.json
echo '602,"2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640","2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",3382,"Carroll St & Smith St",40.680611,-73.99475825,3304,"6 Ave & 9 St",40.668127,-73.98377641,41932,"Subscriber",1970,1
    1206,"2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630","2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",362,"Broadway & W 37 St",40.75172632,-73.98753523,500,"Broadway & W 51 St",40.76228826,-73.98336183,18869,"Customer",1999,1
    723,"2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180","2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",146,"Hudson St & Reade St",40.71625008,-74.0091059,238,"Bank St & Washington St",40.7361967,-74.00859207,15334,"Subscriber",1997,1
' > rides_no_header.json

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

mkdir test-datasets
cd test-datasets

创建 `.json` 示例文件

cat << 'EOF' > ride_01.json
 {
    "tripduration": 602,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
    "start station id": 3382,
    "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
    "start station latitude": 40.680611,
    "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
    "end station id": 3304,
    "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.668127,
    "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
    "bikeid": 41932,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1970,
    "gender": "male"
 }
EOF
cat << 'EOF' > ride_02.json
 {
    "tripduration": 1206,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
    "start station id": 362,
    "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
    "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
    "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
    "end station id": 500,
    "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
    "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
    "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
    "bikeid": 18869,
    "usertype": "Customer",
    "birth year": 1999,
    "gender": "male"
 }
EOF
cat << 'EOF' > ride_03.json
 {
    "tripduration": 723,
    "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
    "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
    "start station id": 146,
    "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
    "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
    "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
    "end station id": 238,
    "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
    "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
    "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
    "bikeid": 15334,
    "usertype": "Subscriber",
    "birth year": 1997,
    "gender": "male"
 }
EOF
cat << 'EOF' > rides.json
 [
    {
       "tripduration": 602,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",
       "start station id": 3382,
       "start station name": "Carroll St & Smith St",
       "start station latitude": 40.680611,
       "start station longitude": -73.99475825,
       "end station id": 3304,
       "end station name": "6 Ave & 9 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.668127,
       "end station longitude": -73.98377641,
       "bikeid": 41932,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1970,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 1206,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",
       "start station id": 362,
       "start station name": "Broadway & W 37 St",
       "start station latitude": 40.75172632,
       "start station longitude": -73.98753523,
       "end station id": 500,
       "end station name": "Broadway & W 51 St",
       "end station latitude": 40.76228826,
       "end station longitude": -73.98336183,
       "bikeid": 18869,
       "usertype": "Customer",
       "birth year": 1999,
       "gender": "male"
    },
    {
       "tripduration": 723,
       "starttime": "2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180",
       "stoptime": "2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",
       "start station id": 146,
       "start station name": "Hudson St & Reade St",
       "start station latitude": 40.71625008,
       "start station longitude": -74.0091059,
       "end station id": 238,
       "end station name": "Bank St & Washington St",
       "end station latitude": 40.7361967,
       "end station longitude": -74.00859207,
       "bikeid": 15334,
       "usertype": "Subscriber",
       "birth year": 1997,
       "gender": "male"
    }
 ]
EOF
cat << 'EOF' > rides_no_header.json
 602,"2019-12-01 00:00:05.5640","2019-12-01 00:10:07.8180",3382,"Carroll St & Smith St",40.680611,-73.99475825,3304,"6 Ave & 9 St",40.668127,-73.98377641,41932,"Subscriber",1970,1
 1206,"2019-12-01 00:00:10.9630","2019-12-01 00:20:17.8820",362,"Broadway & W 37 St",40.75172632,-73.98753523,500,"Broadway & W 51 St",40.76228826,-73.98336183,18869,"Customer",1999,1
 723,"2019-12-01 00:00:11.8180","2019-12-01 00:12:14.8310",146,"Hudson St & Reade St",40.71625008,-74.0091059,238,"Bank St & Washington St",40.7361967,-74.00859207,15334,"Subscriber",1997,1
EOF

查找您的MongoDB连接字符串。
重要
您的 MongoDB Atlas 连接字符串将类似于以下示例：
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority

开始使用 mongoimport

mongoimport 是一个命令行工具，用于将数据从JSON、逗号分隔值（CSV）和制表符分隔值（TSV）文件导入MongoDB集合。mongoimport 可以与其他命令行工具结合使用，例如用于JSON操作的 JQ、用于逗号分隔值（CSV）操作的 CSVKit 或用于从互联网上的服务器动态下载数据文件的 curl。

选择源数据格式

JSON既是一种分层数据格式（如MongoDB文档），也明确说明了其编码的数据类型。

逗号分隔值（CSV）（和制表符分隔值（TSV））数据为表格形式，每一行都将作为单独的文档导入MongoDB 。这意味着这些格式无法像MongoDB文档一样支持分层数据。将逗号分隔值（CSV）数据导入MongoDB时，mongoimport 会尝试在识别特定字段的类型时做出合理的选择。可以使用标志或类型规范覆盖此行为。

将 mongoimport 连接到您的数据库

使用MongoDB Atlas连接字符串将 mongoimport 连接到 test数据库和 test-collection集合。

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
   --db=test \
   --collection=test-collection

成功连接到数据库集合类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T10:22:58.317-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/
2025-07-14T10:23:01.318-0400 test.test-collection    0B
2025-07-14T10:23:04.318-0400 test.test-collection    0B
...

成功连接到数据库集合后，请按照示例学习；了解如何使用 mongoimport 将数据导入MongoDB。

步骤

以下示例展示了如何：

使用文件导入文档
使用管道导入文档
Import a JSON Array
使用JSON导入MongoDB特定类型
将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段类型的集合
将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段和数据类型的集合

使用文件导入文档

使用 --file 选项指定包含要导入MongoDB集合的数据的文件的位置和名称。

以下示例通过提供文件的路径 --file=ride_01.json，将 ride_01.json文件导入 test数据库中的新集合test-collection。

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
  --db=test \
  --collection=test-collection \
  --file=ride_01.json

成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T11:47:01.303-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-14T11:47:01.391-0400 1 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

要查看数据导入成功，可以使用Atlas用户界面。

点击放大

注意

对于每个导入的文档， MongoDB都会生成所需的唯一_id值。

如果未指定文件，mongoimport 则会从标准输入读取数据（例如stdin）。以下示例演示了如何通过管道将多个文档导入mongoimport，然后从 stdin 读取数据。

echo "{\"bikeid\":\"1234\"}\n{\"bikeid\":\"5678\"}" | mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
  --db=test \
  --collection=test-collection-stdin

成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T11:08:08.884-0600 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-14T11:08:09.095-0600 2 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

使用管道导入文档

您可以管来自其他工具（例如 cat）的多个JSON文档，以使用 mongoimport 导入多个文件。从包含要导入的JSON文件的目录中，您可以运行以下命令以导入文档。

cat *_*.json | mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
  --db=test \
  --collection=test-collection-many

成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-21T16:48:23.519-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-21T16:48:23.627-0400 3 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

Import a JSON Array

要导入JSON文档大量，可以使用 --jsonArray 选项指定数据的格式。您可以单独指定数据源，可以是文件或标准输入。以下示例导入包含单个JSON大量的 rides.json文件。

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
  --db=test \
  --collection=test-collection-array \
  --file=rides.json \
  --jsonArray

成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T11:48:10.829-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-14T11:48:10.899-0400 3 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

如果不添加 --jsonArray 选项，mongoimport 将失败并显示错误 cannot decode array into a Document，因为MongoDB文档相当于JSON对象，而不是数组。

注意

您可以将大量作为值存储在文档中，但文档不能是大量。

使用JSON导入MongoDB特定类型

由于MongoDB将数据存储为BSON，因此您必须使用扩展JSON将以JSON形式导入的字段识别为特定的BSON类型。这意味着您可以在以下嵌套结构中提供MongoDB最初识别为 string 的字段，让MongoDB将其识别为 date 类型。

"starttime": {
   "$date": "2019-12-01T00:00:05.5640Z"
}

要转换现有数据，请参阅有关JQ的部分。

将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段类型的集合

如果要导入逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）文件，请分别使用 --type=csv 或 --type=tsv 告知 mongoimport 所需的格式。

如果您的逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）文件有标题行，请使用 --headerline 选项告诉 mongoimport 第一行不应作为文档导入。

由于逗号分隔值（CSV）和制表符分隔值（TSV）数据不包含类型信息，因此您可以通过在调用 mongoimport 时指定字段类型来解决此问题。为mongoimport提供类型信息的第一种方法是使用--fields选项在命令行中列出字段名称。

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
   --db=test \
   --collection=test-field-file \
   --file=rides_no_header.csv \
   --type=csv \
   --fields="tripduration","starttime","stoptime","start station id","start station name","start station latitude","start station longitude","end station id","end station name","end station latitude","end station longitude","bikeid","usertype","birth year","gender"

为 mongoimport 提供类型信息的另一种方法是将字段名称（例如 field_file.txt）放入文件中，并使用 --fieldFile 选项点它。

@"
tripduration
starttime
stoptime
start station id
start station name
start station latitude
start station longitude
end station id
end station name
end station latitude
end station longitude
bikeid
usertype
birth year
gender
"@ | Set-Content -Path field_file.txt

echo 'tripduration
starttime
stoptime
start station id
start station name
start station latitude
start station longitude
end station id
end station name
end station latitude
end station longitude
bikeid
usertype
birth year
gender' > field_file.txt

cat << 'EOF' > field_file.txt
tripduration
starttime
stoptime
start station id
start station name
start station latitude
start station longitude
end station id
end station name
end station latitude
end station longitude
bikeid
usertype
birth year
gender
EOF

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
   --db=test \
   --collection=test-field-file \
   --file=rides_no_header.csv \
   --type=csv \
   --fieldFile=field_file.txt

--fields 和 --fieldFile 选项的成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T11:48:10.829-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-14T11:48:10.899-0400 3 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

要查看数据导入成功，可以使用Atlas用户界面。

点击放大

将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段和数据类型的集合

从上图可以看出，mongoimport 自动对数据类型做出决策。要改为指定部分或全部字段的类型，您可以使用 --columnsHaveTypes 选项，或通过 --fieldFile 选项将类型添加到您使用的文件中。

@"
tripduration.auto()
starttime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
stoptime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
start station id.auto()
start station name.auto()
start station latitude.auto()
start station longitude.auto()
end station id.auto()
end station name.auto()
end station latitude.auto()
end station longitude.auto()
bikeid.auto()
usertype.auto()
birth year.auto()
gender.auto()
"@ | Set-Content -Path field_file_with_types.txt

echo 'tripduration.auto()
starttime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
stoptime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
start station id.auto()
start station name.auto()
start station latitude.auto()
start station longitude.auto()
end station id.auto()
end station name.auto()
end station latitude.auto()
end station longitude.auto()
bikeid.auto()
usertype.auto()
birth year.auto()
gender.auto()' > field_file_with_types.txt

cat << 'EOF' > field_file_with_types.txt
tripduration.auto()
starttime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
stoptime.date(2006-01-02 15:04:05)
start station id.auto()
start station name.auto()
start station latitude.auto()
start station longitude.auto()
end station id.auto()
end station name.auto()
end station latitude.auto()
end station longitude.auto()
bikeid.auto()
usertype.auto()
birth year.auto()
gender.auto()
EOF

mongoimport --uri 'mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority' \
   --db=test \
   --collection=test-field-file \
   --file=test-datasets/rides_no_header.csv \
   --type=csv \
   --fieldFile=field_file_with_types.txt

成功导入类似于以下内容：

2025-07-14T11:48:10.829-0400 connected to: mongodb+srv://[**REDACTED**]@cluster0.zoikgns.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority&appName=Cluster0
2025-07-14T11:48:10.899-0400 3 document(s) imported successfully. 0 document(s) failed to import.

要查看数据导入成功，可以使用Atlas用户界面。

点击放大

现在，您可以看到 mongoimport 使用您提供的数据类型来存储导入的文件。

有用的命令行工具

您可以将其他命令行程序与 mongoimport 一起使用，以进一步简化数据导入。

JQ

JQ 是JSON数据的处理器。它包含功能强大的筛选和脚本语言，用于筛选、操作和生成JSON数据。您可以使用多级管通过 JQ 将数据通过管道管到 mongoimport。要学习；了解有关如何使用 JQ 的更多信息，请参阅 JQ 手册。

CSVKit

CSVKit 是用于筛选和操作逗号分隔值（CSV）数据的工具集合。CSVKit 工具（例如 csvgrep（根据表达式筛选行）和 csvcut（从逗号分隔值（CSV）输入中删除整列）是在将数据提供给 mongoimport 之前对数据进行切片的有用工具。要学习；了解有关如何使用 CSVKit 的更多信息，请参阅 CSVKit 文档。

了解详情

有关可能选项的更多详细信息，请参阅我们的 mongoimport 文档。

后退

示例

来年

mongoexport

开始之前

创建并移动到 test-datasets 目录

创建 .json 示例文件

创建并移动到 test-datasets 目录

创建 .json 示例文件

创建并移动到 test-datasets 目录

创建 .json 示例文件

重要

开始使用 mongoimport

选择源数据格式

将 mongoimport 连接到您的数据库

步骤

使用文件导入文档

注意

使用管道导入文档

Import a JSON Array

注意

使用JSON导入MongoDB特定类型

将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段类型的集合

将逗号分隔值（CSV）或制表符分隔值（TSV）导入具有指定字段和数据类型的集合

有用的命令行工具

JQ

CSVKit

了解详情

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

创建 `.json` 示例文件

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

创建 `.json` 示例文件

创建并移动到 `test-datasets` 目录

创建 `.json` 示例文件