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mongod
mongod
¶
Synopsis¶
mongod
is the primary daemon process for the MongoDB
system. It handles data requests, manages data format, and performs
background management operations.
This document provides a complete overview of all command line options
for mongod
. These options are primarily useful for testing
purposes. In common operation, use the configuration file
options to control the behavior of
your database, which is fully capable of all operations described
below.
Options¶
-
mongod
¶
Core Options¶
-
--help
,
-h
¶
Returns a basic help and usage text.
-
--config
<filename>
,
-f
<filename>
¶ Specifies a configuration file, that you can use to specify runtime-configurations. While the options are equivalent and accessible via the other command line arguments, the configuration file is the preferred method for runtime configuration of mongod. See the “Configuration File Options” document for more information about these options.
-
--verbose
,
-v
¶
Increases the amount of internal reporting returned on standard output or in the log file specified by
--logpath
. Use the-v
form to control the level of verbosity by including the option multiple times, (e.g.-vvvvv
.)
-
--quiet
¶
Runs the
mongod
instance in a quiet mode that attempts to limit the amount of output. This option suppresses:- output from database commands,
including
drop
,dropIndexes
,diagLogging
,validate
, andclean
. - replication activity.
- connection accepted events.
- connection closed events.
- output from database commands,
including
-
--port
<port>
¶ Specifies a TCP port for the
mongod
to listen for client connections. By defaultmongod
listens for connections on port 27017.UNIX-like systems require root privileges to use ports with numbers lower than 1024.
-
--bind_ip
<ip address>
¶ The IP address that the
mongod
process will bind to and listen for connections. By defaultmongod
listens for connections all interfaces. You may attachmongod
to any interface; however, when attachingmongod
to a publicly accessible interface ensure that you have implemented proper authentication and/or firewall restrictions to protect the integrity of your database.
-
--maxConns
<number>
¶ Specifies the maximum number of simultaneous connections that
mongod
will accept. This setting will have no effect if it is higher than your operating system’s configured maximum connection tracking threshold.Note
You cannot set
maxConns
to a value higher than 20000.
-
--objcheck
¶
Forces the
mongod
to validate all requests from clients upon receipt to ensure that invalid objects are never inserted into the database. Enabling this option will produce some performance impact, and is not enabled by default.
-
--logpath
<path>
¶ Specify a path for the log file that will hold all diagnostic logging information.
Unless specified,
mongod
will output all log information to the standard output. Additionally, unless you also specify--logappend
, the logfile will be overwritten when the process restarts.Note
The behavior of the logging system may change in the near future in response to the SERVER-4499 case.
-
--logappend
¶
When specified, this option ensures that
mongod
appends new entries to the end of the logfile rather than overwriting the content of the log when the process restarts.
-
--syslog
¶
New in version 2.1.0.
Sends all logging output to the host’s syslog system rather than to standard output or a log file as with
--logpath
.
-
--pidfilepath
<path>
¶ Specify a file location to hold the “PID” or process ID of the
mongod
process. Useful for tracking themongod
process in combination with themongod --fork
option.Without a specified
--pidfilepath
option,mongos
creates no PID file.
-
--keyFile
<file>
¶ Specify the path to a key file to store authentication information. This option is only useful for the connection between replica set members.
See also
“Replica Set Security” and “Replica Set Operation and Management.”
-
--nounixsocket
¶
Disables listening on the UNIX socket.
mongos
always listens on the UNIX socket, unless--nounixsocket
is set,--bind_ip
is not set, or--bind_ip
specifies127.0.0.1
.
-
--unixSocketPrefix
<path>
¶ Specifies a path for the UNIX socket. Unless this option has a value
mongod
creates a socket with/tmp
as a prefix.MongoDB will always create and listen on a UNIX socket, unless
--nounixsocket
is set,--bind_ip
is not set, or--bind_ip
specifies127.0.0.1
.
-
--fork
¶
Enables a daemon mode for
mongod
that runs the process to the background. This is the normal mode of operation, in production and production-like environments, but may not be desirable for testing.
-
--auth
¶
Enables database authentication for users connecting from remote hosts. Configure users via the mongo shell. If no users exist, the localhost interface will continue to have access to the database until the you create the first user.
See the Security and Authentication page for more information regarding this functionality.
-
--cpu
¶
Forces
mongod
to report the percentage of CPU time in write lock.mongod
generates output every four seconds. MongoDB writes this data to standard output or the logfile if using thelogpath
option.
-
--dbpath
<path>
¶ Specify a directory for the
mongod
instance to store its data. Typical locations include:/srv/mongodb
,/var/lib/mongodb
or/opt/mongodb
Unless specified,
mongod
will look for data files in the default/data/db
directory. (Windows systems use the\data\db
directory.) If you installed using a package management system. Check the/etc/mongodb.conf
file provided by your packages to see the configuration of thedbpath
.
-
--diaglog
<value>
¶ Creates a very verbose, diagnostic log for troubleshooting and recording various errors. MongoDB writes these log files in the
dbpath
directory in a series of files that begin with the stringdiaglog
and end with the initiation time of the logging as a hex string.The specified value configures the level of verbosity. Possible values, and their impact are as follows.
Value Setting 0 off. No logging. 1 Log write operations. 2 Log read operations. 3 Log both read and write operations. 7 Log write and some read operations. You can use the
mongosniff
tool to replay this output for investigation. Given a typical diaglog file, located at/data/db/diaglog.4f76a58c
, you might use a command in the following form to read these files:--diaglog
is for internal use and not intended for most users.Warning
Setting the diagnostic level to
0
will causemongod
to stop writing data to the diagnostic log file. However, themongod
instance will continue to keep the file open, even if it is no longer writing data to the file. If you want to rename, move, or delete the diagnostic log you must cleanly shut down themongod
instance before doing so.
-
--directoryperdb
¶
Alters the storage pattern of the data directory to store each database’s files in a distinct folder. This option will create directories within the
--dbpath
named for each directory.Use this option in conjunction with your file system and device configuration so that MongoDB will store data on a number of distinct disk devices to increase write throughput or disk capacity.
Warning
If you have an existing
mongod
instance anddbpath
, and you want to enable--directoryperdb
, you must migrate your existing databases to directories before setting--directoryperdb
to access those databases.Example
Given a
dbpath
directory with the following items:To enable
--directoryperdb
you would need to modify thedbpath
to resemble the following:
-
--journal
¶
Enables operation journaling to ensure write durability and data consistency.
mongod
enables journaling by default on 64-bit builds of versions after 2.0.
-
--journalOptions
<arguments>
¶ Provides functionality for testing. Not for general use, and may affect database integrity.
-
--journalCommitInterval
<value>
¶ Specifies the maximum amount of time for
mongod
to allow between journal operations. Possible values are between 2 and 300 milliseconds. Lower values increase the durability of the journal, at the expense of disk performance.The default journal commit interval is 100 milliseconds if a single block device (e.g. physical volume, RAID device, or LVM volume) contains both the journal and the data files.
If the journal and data files are on file systems associated with different block devices the default journal commit interval is 30 milliseconds.
To force
mongod
to commit to the journal more frequently, you can specifyj:true
. When a write operation withj:true
is pending,mongod
will reducejournalCommitInterval
to a third of the set value.
-
--ipv6
¶
Specify this option to enable IPv6 support. This will allow clients to connect to
mongod
using IPv6 networks.mongod
disables IPv6 support by default inmongod
and all utilities.
-
--jsonp
¶
Permits JSONP access via an HTTP interface. Consider the security implications of allowing this activity before enabling this option.
-
--noauth
¶
Disable authentication. Currently the default. Exists for future compatibility and clarity.
-
--nohttpinterface
¶
Disables the HTTP interface.
-
--nojournal
¶
Disables the durability journaling. By default,
mongod
enables journaling in 64-bit versions after v2.0.
-
--noprealloc
¶
Disables the preallocation of data files. This will shorten the start up time in some cases, but can cause significant performance penalties during normal operations.
-
--noscripting
¶
Disables the scripting engine.
-
--notablescan
¶
Forbids operations that require a table scan.
-
--nssize
<value>
¶ Specifies the default size for namespace files (i.e
.ns
). This option has no impact on the size of existing namespace files. The maximum size is 2047 megabytes.The default value is 16 megabytes; this provides for approximately 24,000 namespaces. Each collection, as well as each index, counts as a namespace.
-
--profile
<level>
¶ Changes the level of database profiling, which inserts information about operation performance into output of
mongod
or the log file. The following levels are available:Level Setting 0 Off. No profiling. 1 On. Only includes slow operations. 2 On. Includes all operations. Profiling is off by default. Database profiling can impact database performance. Enable this option only after careful consideration.
-
--quota
¶
Enables a maximum limit for the number data files each database can have. When running with
--quota
, there are a maximum of 8 data files per database. Adjust the quota with the--quotaFiles
option.
-
--quotaFiles
<number>
¶ Modify limit on the number of data files per database. This option requires the
--quota
setting. The default value for--quotaFiles
is 8.
-
--repair
¶
Runs a repair routine on all databases. This is equivalent to shutting down and running the
repairDatabase
database command on all databases.Warning
In general, if you have an intact copy of your data, such as would exist on a very recent backup or an intact member of a replica set, do not use
repairDatabase
or related options likedb.repairDatabase()
in themongo
shell ormongod --repair
. Restore from an intact copy of your data.Note
When using journaling, there is almost never any need to run
repairDatabase
. In the event of an unclean shutdown, the server will be able restore the data files to a pristine state automatically.Changed in version 2.1.2.
If you run the repair option and have data in a journal file,
mongod
will refuse to start. In these cases you should startmongod
without the--repair
option to allowmongod
to recover data from the journal. This will complete more quickly and will result in a more consistent and complete data set.To continue the repair operation despite the journal files, shut down
mongod
cleanly and restart with the--repair
option.Note
--repair
copies data from the source data files into new data files in therepairpath
, and then replaces the original data files with the repaired data files. Ifrepairpath
is on the same device asdbpath
, you may interrupt amongod
running--repair
without affecting the integrity of the data set.
-
--repairpath
<path>
¶ Specifies the root directory containing MongoDB data files, to use for the
--repair
operation. Defaults to a_tmp
directory within thedbpath
.
-
--slowms
<value>
¶ Defines the value of “slow,” for the
--profile
option. The database logs all slow queries to the log, even when the profiler is not turned on. When the database profiler is on,mongod
the profiler writes to thesystem.profile
collection. See theprofile
command for more information on the database profiler.
-
--smallfiles
¶
Enables a mode where MongoDB uses a smaller default file size. Specifically,
--smallfiles
reduces the initial size for data files and limits them to 512 megabytes.--smallfiles
also reduces the size of each journal files from 1 gigabyte to 128 megabytes.Use
--smallfiles
if you have a large number of databases that each holds a small quantity of data.--smallfiles
can lead yourmongod
to create a large number of files, which may affect performance for larger databases.
-
--shutdown
¶
Used in control scripts, the
--shutdown
will cleanly and safely terminate themongod
process. When invokingmongod
with this option you must set the--dbpath
option either directly or by way of the configuration file and the--config
option.--shutdown
is only available on Linux systems.
-
--syncdelay
<value>
¶ mongod
writes data very quickly to the journal, and lazily to the data files.--syncdelay
controls how much time can pass before MongoDB flushes data to the database files via an fsync operation. The default setting is 60 seconds. In almost every situation you should not set this value and use the default setting.The
serverStatus
command reports the background flush thread’s status via thebackgroundFlushing
field.syncdelay
has no effect on thejournal
files or journaling.Warning
If you set
--syncdelay
to0
, MongoDB will not sync the memory mapped files to disk. Do not set this value on production systems.
-
--sysinfo
¶
Returns diagnostic system information and then exits. The information provides the page size, the number of physical pages, and the number of available physical pages.
-
--upgrade
¶
Upgrades the on-disk data format of the files specified by the
--dbpath
to the latest version, if needed.This option only affects the operation of
mongod
if the data files are in an old format.Note
In most cases you should not set this value, so you can exercise the most control over your upgrade process. See the MongoDB release notes (on the download page) for more information about the upgrade process.
-
--traceExceptions
¶
For internal diagnostic use only.
Replication Options¶
-
--replSet
<setname>
¶ Use this option to configure replication with replica sets. Specify a setname as an argument to this set. All hosts must have the same set name.
See also
“Replication,” “Replica Set Operation and Management,” and “Replica Set Configuration”
-
--oplogSize
<value>
¶ Specifies a maximum size in megabytes for the replication operation log (e.g. oplog.) By
mongod
creates an oplog based on the maximum amount of space available. For 64-bit systems, the op log is typically 5% of available disk space.Once the
mongod
has created the oplog for the first time, changing--oplogSize
will not affect the size of the oplog.
-
--fastsync
¶
In the context of replica set replication, set this option if you have seeded this member with a snapshot of the dbpath of another member of the set. Otherwise the
mongod
will attempt to perform an initial sync, as though the member were a new member.
-
--replIndexPrefetch
¶
New in version 2.2.
You must use
--replIndexPrefetch
in conjunction withreplSet
. The default value isall
and available options are:none
all
_id_only
By default secondary members of a replica set will load all indexes related to an operation into memory before applying operations from the oplog. You can modify this behavior so that the secondaries will only load the
_id
index. Specify_id_only
ornone
to prevent themongod
from loading any index into memory.
Master-Slave Replication¶
These options provide access to conventional master-slave database replication. While this functionality remains accessible in MongoDB, replica sets are the preferred configuration for database replication.
-
--source
<host><:port>
¶ For use with the
--slave
option, the--source
option designates the server that this instance will replicate.
-
--only
<arg>
¶ For use with the
--slave
option, the--only
option specifies only a single database to replicate.
-
--slavedelay
<value>
¶ For use with the
--slave
option, the--slavedelay
option configures a “delay” in seconds, for this slave to wait to apply operations from the master node.
-
--autoresync
¶
For use with the
--slave
option. When set,--autoresync
option allows this slave to automatically resync if it is more than 10 seconds behind the master. This setting may be problematic if the--oplogSize
specifies a too small oplog. If the oplog is not large enough to store the difference in changes between the master’s current state and the state of the slave, this instance will forcibly resync itself unnecessarily. When you set theautoresync
option tofalse
, the slave will not attempt an automatic resync more than once in a ten minute period.
Sharding Cluster Options¶
-
--configsvr
¶
Declares that this
mongod
instance serves as the config database of a sharded cluster. When running with this option, clients will not be able to write data to any database other thanconfig
andadmin
. The default port for amongod
with this option is27019
and the default--dbpath
directory is/data/configdb
, unless specified.Changed in version 2.2:
--configsvr
also sets--smallfiles
.Do not use
--configsvr
with--replSet
or--shardsvr
. Config servers cannot be a shard server or part of a replica set.
-
--shardsvr
¶
Configures this
mongod
instance as a shard in a partitioned cluster. The default port for these instances is27018
. The only effect of--shardsvr
is to change the port number.
-
--noMoveParanoia
¶
Disables a “paranoid mode” for data writes for chunk migration operation. See the chunk migration and
moveChunk
command documentation for more information.By default
mongod
will save copies of migrated chunks on the “from” server during migrations as “paranoid mode.” Setting this option disables this paranoia.
Usage¶
In common usage, the invocation of mongod
will resemble the
following in the context of an initialization or control script:
See the “Configuration File Options” for more information
on how to configure mongod
using the configuration file.