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定义
$setIntersection接收两个或多个数组,并返回一个数组,其中包含出现在每个输入数组中的元素。
$setIntersection通过以下语法实现:{ $setIntersection: [ <array1>, <array2>, ... ] }
行为
$setIntersection对数组执行集合操作,将数组视为集合。如果数组包含重复条目,$setIntersection 会忽略重复条目。$setIntersection 会忽略元素的顺序。
$setIntersection 过滤掉结果中的重复项,以输出仅包含唯一条目的数组。 输出数组中元素的顺序未指定。
如果未找到交集(即输入数组不包含公共元素), $setIntersection将返回一个空数组。
如果集合包含嵌套数组元素,$setIntersection不会下降进入嵌套数组,而是在顶层计算数组。
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例子
本部分包含展示如何将 $setIntersection 与集合一起使用的示例。
元素数组示例
考虑包含以下文档的 flowers 集合:
db.flowers.insertMany( [ { "_id" : 1, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose", "orchid" ] }, { "_id" : 2, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "orchid", "rose", "orchid" ] }, { "_id" : 3, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose", "orchid", "jasmine" ] }, { "_id" : 4, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "jasmine", "rose" ] }, { "_id" : 5, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ ] }, { "_id" : 6, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ [ "rose" ], [ "orchid" ] ] }, { "_id" : 7, "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ [ "rose", "orchid" ] ] }, { "_id" : 8, "flowerFieldA" : [ ], "flowerFieldB" : [ ] }, { "_id" : 9, "flowerFieldA" : [ ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose" ] } ] )
以下操作使用$setIntersection操作符返回flowerFieldA数组和flowerFieldB数组共有的元素数组:
db.flowers.aggregate( [ { $project: { flowerFieldA: 1, flowerFieldB: 1, commonToBoth: { $setIntersection: [ "$flowerFieldA", "$flowerFieldB" ] }, _id: 0 } } ] )
操作返回以下结果:
{ "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "commonToBoth" : [ "orchid", "rose" ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "orchid", "rose", "orchid" ], "commonToBoth" : [ "orchid", "rose" ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose", "orchid", "jasmine" ], "commonToBoth" : [ "orchid", "rose" ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "jasmine", "rose" ], "commonToBoth" : [ "rose" ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ ], "commonToBoth" : [ ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ [ "rose" ], [ "orchid" ] ], "commonToBoth" : [ ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ "rose", "orchid" ], "flowerFieldB" : [ [ "rose", "orchid" ] ], "commonToBoth" : [ ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ ], "flowerFieldB" : [ ], "commonToBoth" : [ ] } { "flowerFieldA" : [ ], "flowerFieldB" : [ "rose" ], "commonToBoth" : [ ] }