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Filter Data - C++ SDK

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  • About the Examples on This Page
  • Filter Data
  • Comparison Operators
  • Logical Operators
  • String Operators

To filter data in your realm, you can leverage Realm's query engine. You can also sort filtered data. For an example of how to sort query results, refer to Sort Lists and Query Results.

Note

The C++ SDK does not yet support the full range of query expressions that the other SDKs provide.

About the Examples on This Page

The examples in this page use a simple data set for a todo list app. The two Realm object types are Project and Item. An Item has:

  • A name

  • A completed flag

  • An optional assignee's name

  • A number repesenting priority, where higher is more important

  • A count of minutes spent working on it

A Project has a name and a to-many relationship to zero or more Items.

The schemas for Project and Item are:

struct Item {
  std::string name;
  bool isComplete;
  std::optional<std::string> assignee;
  int64_t priority;
  int64_t progressMinutes;
};
REALM_SCHEMA(Item, name, isComplete, assignee, priority, progressMinutes)
struct Project {
  std::string name;
  std::vector<Item*> items;
};
REALM_SCHEMA(Project, name, items)

You can set up the realm for these examples with the following code:

auto config = realm::db_config();
auto realm = realm::db(std::move(config));
auto item1 = realm::Item{.name = "Save the cheerleader",
                         .assignee = std::string("Peter"),
                         .isComplete = false,
                         .priority = 6,
                         .progressMinutes = 30};
auto project = realm::Project{.name = "New project"};
project.items.push_back(&item1);
realm.write([&] { realm.add(std::move(project)); });
auto items = realm.objects<realm::Item>();
auto projects = realm.objects<realm::Project>();

Filter Data

Comparison Operators

Value comparisons

Operator
Description
==
Evaluates to true if the left-hand expression is equal to the right-hand expression.
>
Evaluates to true if the left-hand numerical or date expression is greater than the right-hand numerical or date expression. For dates, this evaluates to true if the left-hand date is later than the right-hand date.
>=
Evaluates to true if the left-hand numerical or date expression is greater than or equal to the right-hand numerical or date expression. For dates, this evaluates to true if the left-hand date is later than or the same as the right-hand date.
<
Evaluates to true if the left-hand numerical or date expression is less than the right-hand numerical or date expression. For dates, this evaluates to true if the left-hand date is earlier than the right-hand date.
<=
Evaluates to true if the left-hand numeric expression is less than or equal to the right-hand numeric expression. For dates, this evaluates to true if the left-hand date is earlier than or the same as the right-hand date.
!=
Evaluates to true if the left-hand expression is not equal to the right-hand expression.

Example

The following example uses the query engine's comparison operators to:

  • Find high priority tasks by comparing the value of the priority property value with a threshold number, above which priority can be considered high.

  • Find just-started or short-running tasks by seeing if the progressMinutes property falls within a certain range.

  • Find unassigned tasks by finding tasks where the assignee property is equal to std::nullopt.

  • Find tasks assigned to specific teammates Ali or Jamie by seeing if the assignee property is in a list of names.

auto highPriorityItems =
    items.where([](auto const& item) { return item.priority > 5; });
auto quickItems = items.where([](auto const& item) {
  return item.progressMinutes > 1 && item.progressMinutes < 30;
});
auto unassignedItems = items.where(
    [](auto const& item) { return item.assignee == std::nullopt; });
auto aliOrJamieItems = items.where([](auto const& item) {
  return item.assignee == std::string("Ali") ||
         item.assignee == std::string("Jamie");
});

Logical Operators

You can use the logical operators listed in the following table to make compound predicates:

Operator
Description
&&
Evaluates to true if both left-hand and right-hand expressions are true.
!
Negates the result of the given expression.
||
Evaluates to true if either expression returns true.

Example

We can use the query language's logical operators to find all of Ali's completed tasks. That is, we find all tasks where the assignee property value is equal to 'Ali' AND the isComplete property value is true:

auto completedItemsForAli = items.where([](auto const& item) {
  return item.assignee == std::string("Ali") && item.isComplete == true;
});

String Operators

You can compare string values using these string operators.

Operator
Description
.contains(_ value: String)
Evaluates to true if the left-hand string expression is found anywhere in the right-hand string expression.
==
Evaluates to true if the left-hand string is lexicographically equal to the right-hand string.
!=
Evaluates to true if the left-hand string is not lexicographically equal to the right-hand string.

Example

The following example uses the query engine's string operators to find:

  • Projects with names that contain 'ie'

auto containIe =
    items.where([](auto const& item) { return item.name.contains("ie"); });
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