Replace a Document

You can replace a document in a collection by calling the replace_one() method on a Collection instance.

Pass the following parameters to the replace_one() method:

Query filter, which specifies the criteria to match
Replacement document, which contains the fields and values that will replace the first matched document

The replace_one() method returns an UpdateResult type that contains information about the results of the replace operation, such as the number of modified documents.

To learn more about the replace_one() method, see the Replace a Document section of the Modify Documents guide.

Example

This example replaces a document in the restaurants collection of the sample_restaurants database. The example uses a Restaurant struct that has name, borough, and cuisine fields to model documents in the collection.

The following code replaces a document in which the value of the name field is "Landmark Coffee Shop" with a new document. MongoDB replaces the first document that matches the query filter.

Select the Asynchronous or Synchronous tab to see the corresponding code for each runtime:

use std::env;
use mongodb::{ bson::doc, Client, Collection };
use serde::{ Deserialize, Serialize };
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
struct Restaurant {
    borough: String,
    cuisine: String,
    name: String,
}
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> mongodb::error::Result<()> {
    let uri = "<connection string>";
    let client = Client::with_uri_str(uri).await?;
    let my_coll: Collection<Restaurant> = client
        .database("sample_restaurants")
        .collection("restaurants");
    let filter = doc! { "name": "Landmark Coffee Shop" };
    let replacement = Restaurant {
        borough: "Brooklyn".to_string(),
        cuisine: "Café/Coffee/Tea".to_string(),
        name: "Harvest Moon Café".to_string(),
    };
    let res = my_coll.replace_one(filter, replacement, None).await?;
    println!("Replaced documents: {}", res.modified_count);
    Ok(())
}

Replaced documents: 1

use std::env;
use mongodb::{ bson::doc, sync::{ Client, Collection } };
use serde::{ Deserialize, Serialize };
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
struct Restaurant {
    borough: String,
    cuisine: String,
    name: String,
}
fn main() -> mongodb::error::Result<()> {
    let uri = "<connection string>";
    let client = Client::with_uri_str(uri)?;
    let my_coll: Collection<Restaurant> = client
        .database("sample_restaurants")
        .collection("restaurants");
    let filter = doc! { "name": "Landmark Coffee Shop" };
    let replacement = Restaurant {
        borough: "Brooklyn".to_string(),
        cuisine: "Café/Coffee/Tea".to_string(),
        name: "Harvest Moon Café".to_string(),
    };
    let res = my_coll.replace_one(filter, replacement, None)?;
    println!("Replaced documents: {}", res.modified_count);
    Ok(())
}

Replaced documents: 1

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