Alternative to geoHaystack index?

The documentation says that geoHaystack is now deprecated and suggest to use a 2d index or geospatial queries, but I just can’t see how they are a replacement.
What I’m trying to achieve: Return all points up to a certain distance, but I’m not interested in precision, so if I can speed up the query by having the points in buckets based on proximity then the query would have to resolve only the distance to the buckets and not the individual points. This is what geoHaystack seems to be for, how can replicate that using the new 2dspatial index?